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Animal Services - Kitten Foster Program

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1. What do we need from you?

Our kitten foster program is asking that you house and feed kittens (or moms with kittens) until the kittens weigh two pounds, which is when we are able to spay or neuter them. You provide the food, litter, and love. 

Most people keep these felines confined to a small room (a bathroom or extra bedroom is sufficient) as it keeps them from getting lost somewhere in the home. If you have any other pets, we ask that they don't have contact with them.

2. What do we provide?

We provide all needed medications and vaccines. All foster parents have a veterinary health care technician assigned to them who is their main point of contact for any questions, concerns, or medical visits.

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Animal Services - Tethering

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1. What is tethering?

Tethering refers to the keeping of dogs on chains, ropes or other such tie-outs versus within a fenced structure. It is often defined in reference to a stationary object (for example, a dog chained to a stake near a dog house), but also includes overhead trolley systems. Tethering does not refer to walking a dog on a leash.

2. What are the restrictions of the new ordinance amendment?

Tethering restrictions include:

• Tethering must be limited to a maximum of three (3) hours within a twenty-four-hour period.
• Tethers must be a minimum of 10 feet in length, have a swivel at each end, and must attach to only a buckle collar or harness.
• Certain exceptions exist for specific circumstances.

3. What exceptions are included in the amendment?

Tethering in excess of the 3-hour maximum is allowed:

• During any activity where a tethered dog is in the visual range of its owner or keeper, and its owner or keeper is outside with the dog
• While being walked with a handheld leash
• During training and performance (or sporting) events for dogs, including but not limited to field and obedience trails, where tethering does not occur for a period exceeding 7 days
• While actively herding, shepherding or cultivating agricultural products where tethering is reasonably necessary for the safety of the dog
• When camping or during other recreational activities where tethering is required by the camping or recreational area where the dog is located
• After taking possession of a dog that appears to be a stray and notifying Animal Control while trying to find the dog’s owner or keeper, for a period of no more than 7 consecutive days

4. How long do people who currently tether have to make changes?

The amendment was adopted on November 19, 2008 and includes a year-long period of extensive public outreach and education before becoming effective in November of 2009. Moreover, only warnings will be issued for the first six months of effectiveness (from November of 2009 to May of 2010).

Only after the combined 18-month period, will any ordinance amendment be fully enforced. This is intended to give citizens ample time to become informed and make changes to comply with the new law.

5. Will the ordinance changes affect me if I live inside a township in Orange County?

Citizens who live inside the town limits of Chapel Hill, Carrboro or Mebane will not be affected by the County’s ordinance or any changes made to the County’s ordinance. The County’s animal ordinance (and any changes made to it) only applies to the unincorporated areas of the County, as well as Hillsborough, which adopts the County’s ordinance.

6. What resources are available for those wanting to switch from tethering to another means of confinement?

There are several other means of confinement available to those wanting to switch from tethering. Citizens may switch to a pen/kennel enclosure; construct a fence; or choose to house their dog(s) indoors. Supplies for outdoor enclosures can be purchased at most hardware stores and many indoor confinement methods can be obtained at pet stores.

The Coalition to Unchain Dogs offers a program to assist with fence building. Details can be found on Unchain Your Dog or by contacting 919-308-3660 or emailing Coalition to Unchain Dogs. Information about local dog training opportunities can be found by consulting with a veterinarian, checking yellow page listings, or conducting an online search.

7. Why did the BOCC consider tethering restrictions?

The Board of County Commissioners (BOCC) created the Tethering Committee upon the request of the Animal Services Advisory Board (ASAB), which had been approached by local citizens concerned about the welfare of tethered dogs. Their efforts mirrored initiatives elsewhere in North Carolina and other states to limit, restrict or outlaw tethering. The Tethering Committee was appointed by the BOCC to address tethering in Orange County and to work with the ASAB to recommend what, if any, changes should be made to the existing animal ordinance regarding tethering.

8. What are the reasons for these changes?

The Tethering Committee recommended these changes to the BOCC because of its concern with both public safety and animal welfare, after conducting a significant amount of research. Long-term tethering can contribute to neglect and the current ordinance in Orange County does not address the length of time a dog can be tethered.

The ASAB also felt that tethering restrictions would make better use of Animal Services resources and help address other related concerns, such as unwanted breeding and dog bites.

9. Why tethering? Can't dogs be neglected and abused in kennels as well?

While it is true that dogs can be neglected in any situation, tethering raises additional community concerns. The lack of a barrier between the dog and outside world raises the risk of dogs bites, makes some dogs vulnerable to unwanted breeding (contributing to pet overpopulation) and attack by roaming dogs or other animals.

10. How does the adoption of this ordinance affect County resources?

Other jurisdictions have shown that, in the long term, tethering restrictions make for better use of County resources. Jurisdictions which have recently restricted or eliminated tethering have reported a decrease in the number of reported dog bites, reduced unwanted litters of puppies, and reduced cruelty cases related to improper tethering.

All of these changes improve public safety and save the county tax dollars. More information on other jurisdictions with restricted tethering ordinances can be found at Helping Animals.

11. Where can I find additional information and copies of background documents?

The ordinance amendment itself and the report of the Tethering Committee are available from the Animal Services Department. Also available are minutes from BOCC and Tethering Committee meetings, abstracts from BOCC meetings where tethering was discussed, and other supporting documents. Questions can be directed to Animal Control at 919-942-7387, option 1.

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Asset Management Services

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1. What are the office hours for the AMS Department?

Asset Management Services offices follow the County's schedule and are open from 8 a.m. until 5 p.m. Monday through Friday, excluding holidays.

2. Who do I contact to report a County vehicle being operated in an unsafe manner?

Please record as much information as you can about the vehicle, the location, and the time at which you observed it being operated in an unsafe manner and call the main AMS number at 919-245-2657.

3. Who provides trash pick-up in unincorporated areas of Orange County?

While trash can be taken to Solid Waste Convenience and Recycling Centers, private haulers can be contracted for curb-side pick-up service. The phone numbers for private haulers can be found in the yellow pages, online, or by talking to your neighbors. Using the same private hauler as your neighbor can potentially reduce the cost of the service.

4. I am a contractor who would like to provide my services to Asset Management Services, what do I do?

Please call 919-245-2657 or you may send an email to Tammy Comar.

5. Who do I contact to ask a question about or report a problem with my water, sewer, natural gas or electricity services?

Orange County government does not provide utility services for water, electricity, garbage collection, telephone, natural gas, Internet or cable TV. Use the Utilities page to contact the appropriate provider for your need and geographic area

6. Who do I call about my street sign in unincorporated Orange County?

Orange County provides road sign maintenance for all state-maintained intersections outside of any city limits. Report a missing or damaged road sign.

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Board of Elections

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1. I am registered unaffiliated, may I vote in a Primary Election?

You may register with any political party recognized in the State of North Carolina. Party affiliation determines the primary in which a voter is eligible to vote. You may also register as unaffiliated. If you do not declare a party on your registration application, you will be registered as unaffiliated. During a partisan primary election, an unaffiliated voter may vote a party ballot only if the party authorizes unaffiliated voters to vote in their primary. Unaffiliated voters may choose to participate in one party’s primary; Democratic, Libertarian, or Republican. Unaffiliated voters aged 18+ within the Orange County school district may choose to vote the Nonpartisan ballot.

2. When is the deadline to register to vote in an election?

If mailed, the registration form must be postmarked at least 25 days prior to the election. If hand-delivered, the registration form must be received at the Board of Elections office no later than 5 p.m. on the 25th day prior to the election.

3. When are the polls open?

The polls are open from 6:30 a.m. until 7:30 p.m. on Election Day

4. How do I know where to vote?

Registration

When you register to vote or make an address change or information change, or if the Board of Elections assigns you to a new precinct, you will receive a voter verification card. Your precinct and polling place location is printed on the card. You are assigned a polling place based on the precinct where you live. The voter information is updated daily. You may determine your registration status and voting location.

Change of Address

If you have moved from the residence address that we have on file, complete a voter registration form found at this link to registration info and mail to:
Orange County Board of Elections
P.O. Box 220
Hillsborough, NC 27278

Do not wait until Election Day to change your address. You may experience a delay in voting if your residence address is not up to date or if we have sent mail to your voter registration address that was returned to us by the Postal Service.

5. I drive by a polling place on my way to work. Can I just vote there?

You should vote at your designated polling place on Election Day. Your name will be on the list of voters verified to vote in that precinct.

6. If my citizenship rights are restored, do I have to prove it or apply in any special way?

No, just re-register within the time limits of the election.

7. Can people who will be 18 by Election Day register and vote in the primaries as well as the general election?

Yes, those aged 17 who will be 18 by the General Election may register and vote; however, they are not allowed to vote on any non-primary races (such as Orange County School Board) or referendum if they haven’t turned 18 by the Primary. (G.S. 163-59).

8. What are the rules for residency if I still have stuff at my parents' or some other previous address?

The citizen / voter must determine where they consider their home to be. That address is the residence address for registering and voting.

9. Can I do any part of registering on-line?

Only if you are an existing NC DMV customer. To learn more, please visit: https://www.ncdot.gov/dmv/offices-services/online/Pages/voter-registration-application.aspx
Those who are not existing DMV customers may obtain a Registration Application from the State Board of Elections website, complete the form and mail it to the Orange County Board of Elections office. You may also complete the form in person at the county board of elections office, or call 919-245-2350 and we will be glad to mail you a registration application.

Mailing Address
Orange County Board of Elections
P.O. Box 220
Hillsborough, NC. 27278

Physical Address
208 S Cameron Street
Hillsborough, NC 27278

10. What do I do if I go to the wrong polling place and don't have time to go to the right one?

You should make your best effort to get to your correct polling place by 7:30 p.m. Election Day. Voters who appear on Election Day in their correct county but in an incorrect precinct may cast a Provisional Ballot. These ballots will be counted for all contests in which the voter is eligible to participate. Any voter may request to vote a Provisonal Ballot regardless of the situation.

11. What do I do if they can't find me on the registration book and I'm sure I've registered?

After the precinct official has called the Board of Elections office and we are still unable to locate your registration information, you may vote a Provisional Ballot. We research all Provisional Ballot information after the Election and prior to County Canvass. Any qualified Provisional Voter's Ballot is counted and added to the official totals at the time of Canvass by the Board of Elections.
Prior to the Election, you may want to check online to verify your registration.

12. What if my name or address has been entered incorrectly on the registration rolls?

You should contact the Board of Elections in writing to have this correction made. If the error is realized during Early Voting or on Election Day, precinct officials have forms that you may complete and leave with them so that the correction to your voter record can be made.

13. Unaffiliated voters can vote in any Party primary, right?

The Democrat, Republican and Libertarian parties allow Unaffiliated voters to vote in their Party Primary Elections. The Unaffiliated Voter may choose one party's ballot or they may choose to vote a Non-Partisan Ballot. Voting a party ballot will not change the voter’s party affiliation.

14. If I am Unaffiliated, does it matter if I choose a different party from the last time I voted?

If there is a Second Primary, you may only vote the party ballot that you voted in the First Primary. In General Elections, everyone gets the same ballot regardless of party affiliation.

In any future Primary Elections, Unaffiliated voters may chose a different party from the last Primary Election.

15. Do I have to re-register to change my party affiliation?

You must complete a new Registration Application each time you wish to change party affiliation. Or, if you have your voter verification card that was mailed to you when you registered, there is a place for you to change your party affiliation. You may complete the back of that and submit it to the Board of Elections. A new verification card will be mailed to you.

16. If, for any reason, I'm told I can't vote and I believe I have registered properly, what do I do?

You should be allowed to vote a Provisional Ballot. No person should be denied the right to vote a provisional ballot. Do not leave the precinct without a precinct official or you contacting the Elections Office concerning your situation.

17. What is a Provisional Voter?

A Provisional voter is one who appears at a polling place on election day, claims to have registered to vote, but does not appear on the registration lists.

18. When will the early voting sites open?

Early Voting (One-Stop Voting) begins the 3rd Wednesday (20 days) prior to Election Day. More specific information is available on our website under Early Voting.

19. If I want to vote absentee by mail, when is the deadline to get in my request?

The last day to request by mail ballots is a week before the Election (the Tuesday prior to Election Day). The request must be in the BOE office by 5 p.m. Requests must be submitted on the SBOE-mandated form which is available on our website and the State Board website.

20. Can I apply for an absentee ballot for my child away at college if s/he is registered to vote here?

A near relative (spouse, brother, sister, parent, grandparent, child, grandchild, mother-in-law, father-in-law, daughter-in-law, son-in-law, stepparent or stepchild) may request absentee ballots for a voter using the absentee ballot request form on our website or on the State Board website. The ballot must be mailed to the voter from the Board of Elections office. The voter must vote their ballot, complete their application envelope according to instructions provided, and mail or hand-deliver it back to the BOE office. The near-relative may also return the ballot to the BOE office for the voter.

21. Can someone else bring in an absentee ballot for the voter who is out of town?

Once the voter has voted and completed their application envelope according to instructions provided, it can be returned to our office by mail or in person by the voter, the voters near relative or verifiable legal guardian. (G.S. 163-231(b))

22. If I am guardian to a person who is mentally disabled, can I vote for him or her the way I know s/he would want to vote?

No. Although it is okay to physically assist a voter, all voters must be able to make their own decision about their ballot choices.

23. If I am in the military or live overseas, how do I vote absentee?

There are different rules for military versus overseas citizens. Neither must be registered prior to voting in Federal Elections, however, overseas un-registered voters must submit an FPCA form (Federal Post Card Application) in order to receive ballots. They can download a form from the Federal Voting Assistance Program website  or obtain an FPCA form from an Embassy or Consulate. Military citizens may request in writing stating they are military or they may submit an FPCA form. The request should be mailed to the last county in which they resided (regardless of registration status).

24. Can I find out online how I can vote absentee?

Yes. Visit our website, and choose the Absentee Voting By Mail page.

25. Will the voter registration form be available in Braille or other languages?

Federal law does not require that Braille materials of any type be provided. However, a Braille template may be made available and provided upon special request to the State Board of Elections. Ballot marking instructions are available in English and Spanish for certain precincts required by law to have them.

26. Can I go to the DMV (Department of Motor Vehicles) office to register to vote?

Only those persons having DMV business, may register to voter at the DMV office.

27. If a voter is physically disabled, can they ask someone to help them mark their ballot?

Yes, any voter who would like someone’s assistance in order to vote may ask for it. The voter must request this assistance himself or herself. Precinct Officials nor anyone else should offer assistance, even if it may appear obvious that the voter needs assistance. (G.S. 163-166.8)

28. How do I become a high school Student Election Assistant on Election Day?

Any high school student at least 17 years of age and in good academic standing, and with permission from parents and principal, should complete this Application for Student Assistant (PDF) and submit it to your local County Board of Elections. Approved students will be paid for training and work.

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BOCC-County Budget

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1. How does the county budget process work?

Each year, state law requires the Orange County Board of Commissioners to adopt a balanced, annual budget by June 30. The process begins in the spring, when each county department submits to the county manager a budget request for the next fiscal year. The county manager, in consultation with budget and finance staff, reviews the departmental proposals and compiles an overall county budget that is submitted to the Board of Commissioners in early May. The BOCC holds a series of public hearings and budget work sessions to review each proposal and the projected revenues to determine the final county budget.

Most of a county's budget pays for services that are mandated by either the state or federal governments. Below is a list of services that counties must provide for residents as mandated by the state:

• Elections
• Building Code Enforcement
• Jail
• Social Services
• Register of Deeds
• Courts
• Public Health
• Mental Health
• Public Schools
• Property Assessment
• Community Colleges
• Emergency Medical Services
• Emergency Management

Orange County also provides many non-mandated services, such as Parks and Recreation, the Public Library, Solid Waste Management, Public Transportation, Economic Development, etc. The county is not required to offer these kinds of services, but opts to do so to improve the quality of life for the county.

2. What is the relationship between the BOCC and school budgets?

Public Education is a priority for the Orange County Board of Commissioners. The board has a funding target that 48.1 percent of general fund revenues be dedicated to education.The FY19-20 adopted budget exceeds that target at 49.4% of revenues.

North Carolina’s school finance system was created more than eighty years ago. The state is responsible for instructional expenses (including personnel) while county governments pay for capital expenses (buildings and maintenance).

In recent years, state funding for public education has been reduced. According to Public Schools First NC, state government per-pupil spending went from $8,867 per student in 2007-08 ($10,483 in today’s dollars) to $9,528 in 2017-18. Adjusted for today's dollars, that is a decline of $955 per student.

As a result, Orange County's contribution to public schools current expense needs has increased. The 2019-20 budget includes an increase of $187.25 per student. These supplemental funds pay for additional personnel such as teacher's assistants, salary supplements for teachers and school administrators to help the schools attract and retain experienced and qualified teachers, and other needs requested by the schools.

The Public School Forum of North Carolina compiles county expenditure data each year. In 2016-17, the last available year, Orange County ranked No. 1 in the state for local per pupil spending.

Orange County Per Pupil Local Funding
Year	Per Pupil Spending	Increase	Percent of GF Revenue
2015-16	$3,697.50	$126.50	49.7%
2016-17	$3,868	$170.50	50.6%
2017-18	$3,991	$123	49.7%
2018-19	$4.165	$174	50.1%
2019-20	$4,340	$187.25	49.4%

3. How much influence does the Board of Commissioners wield with school budgets?

Orange County provides supplemental funding to our public school systems to make up for shortfalls in state funding. These supplemental funds pay for additional personnel, salary supplements for teachers and school administrators to help the schools attract and retain experienced and qualified teachers, and other needs requested by the schools.

However, final decisions on how these funds are used by the school systems rest with each Board of Education. The Board of County Commissioners does not dictate how these local funds are prioritized and spent. The county receives funding requests from each school system, reviews those requests and then decides on an amount to provide to the systems. The county does not go through the school's requested budgets and decide which items they will fund. Each Board of Education prioritizes how they will spend the funds from the county.

4. What are property tax rates in Orange County?

Orange County raised property taxes only once in the nine years prior to FY 2018-19 (see chart below). The small tax increase (1.27 cents) in FY 2018-19 and the increase in the 2019-20 budget (1.75 cents) are largely related to the bond issues that were approved by voters in November 2016 ($120 million for public schools and $5 million for affordable housing). As more of these funds are released, the county incurs debt service.

An * by a year denotes the county underwent a property revaluation.

Historical property tax rates
Year	Rate	Change
2009-10*	85.80	(14.00)
2010-11	85.80	0.00
2011-12	85.80	0.00
2012-13	85.80	0.00
2013-14	85.80	0.00
2014-15	87.80	2.00
2015-16	87.80	0.00
2016-17	87.80	0.00
2017-18*	83.77	(4.03)
2018-19	85.04	1.27
2019-20	86.79	1.75

5. How will you spend revenue from the 1/4 cent increase for climate change?

The Board of Orange County Commissioners (BOCC) have received several communications asking how the quarter-cent property tax increase dedicated to Climate Change Mitigation will be allocated. The BOCC directed the County Manager as part of their approval process to develop options and a process through which funds will be authorized.

The County Manager has directed staff to develop options over the summer for the Board's review in September. Those options will address the focus of spending, the incorporation of social justice and racial equity goals, the role of various advisory committees, as well as the BOCC’s own approval framework. 

6. Instead of climate change, why doesn't the Board do more to eliminate poverty?

The adopted county budget funds many programs to combat poverty in our county, through our Aging, Child Support, Social Services, Housing and Community Development, Partnership to End Homelessness, Criminal Justice Resource, Public Transportation, Human Rights and Relations, and Health Departments as well as nearly $1.5 million in funding to outside agencies, many of whom address poverty.

This year’s budget includes a new Restoration Legal Counsel position that will expand and enhance the efforts already underway by the District Attorney and judicial stakeholders to assist eligible individuals that have driver’s license suspensions based on an inability to pay traffic court debt. In addition, this attorney position will provide legal assistance for residents eligible to seek relief under North Carolina’s expanding expunction statutes. The revocation of driving privileges and a criminal charge, even one that has been dismissed, create significant barriers to employment, education, housing, health care and family stability.

In the 2018-19 fiscal year, the commissioners appropriated $100,000 to create a new local voucher program for affordable housing. The program will be continued in the 2019-20 budget.

7. What role do the commissioners play in the budget?

The Board of County Commissioners have the statutory responsibility to adopt a balanced budget prior to June 30 of each year. The Local Government Budget and Fiscal Control Act (N.C. General Statutes, Chapter 159, Article 3) governs the budgeting process for counties and cities. The board adopts the budget by setting revenues and expenditures. The county fiscal year runs from July 1 through June 30.

8. Why doesn't the county attract more commercial development to reduce the burden on personal property owners?

Orange County is continually looking for projects that will bring better jobs to the county as well as increase the commercial property tax base. In recent years, the county has landed investments like the Morinaga plant in Mebane and the Wegmans Market coming to Chapel Hill in 2020. These projects will increase the commercial property tax base and, in the case of Wegmans, will bring in more local sales tax revenues.

Unfortunately, it would take dozens of similar projects to increase the commercial property tax base enough to realize an overall reduction in the property tax rate. The county and towns' commitment to preserving the rural nature of the county through the Rural Buffer and other programs limits how much commercial development can be brought into Orange County.

9. Can the public get involved?

Orange County welcomes public input into the county budget. Each year the Board of Commissioners hold public hearings to receive feedback from interested parties. For the FY2020 budget process, public hearings will be held May 14 at the Whitted Building in Hillsborough and May 16 at Southern Human Services in Chapel Hill. Residents and taxpayers are given an opportunity to speak about the budget (up to three minutes per person). Each hearing begins at 7 p.m.

In addition, residents and taxpayers may communicate directly with the Board of Commissioners via email or attend any regularly scheduled BOCC meeting and sign-up to speak during the public comment portion (three minute limit also applies). Below is the schedule of work sessions and regular meetings for the FY2020 budget adoption.

• May 14 - Public hearing (Hillsborough)
• May 16 - Public hearing (Chapel Hill)
• May 21 - Regular BOCC meeting (Chapel Hill)
• May 23 - Budget work session (Hillsborough)
• May 30 - Budget work session (Chapel Hill)
• June 4 - Regular BOCC meeting (Hillsborough)
• June 6 - Budget work session (Chapel Hill)
• June 11 - Budget work session (Hillsborough)
• June 18 - Regular BOCC meeting and budget adoption (Chapel Hill)

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Breast & Cervical Cancer Screening

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1. Who is eligible?

Participants may be eligible if they meet the following criteria:

• Are uninsured or underinsured
• Cervical Screening:
  • Women 40 to 64 years old and not screened within the past 5 years
• Breast screening:
  • People who are presently symptomatic are eligible regardless of age
  • Women and men 40 to 64 years old

2. What services are offered?

Services offered include:

• Clinical Breast Exams
• Diagnostic testing if results are abnormal
• Mammograms
• Pap Test

3. What if cancer is found?

Clients will receive referrals to treatment services if they are diagnosed with breast and/or cervical cancer.

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Campaign Reporting & Candidate Information

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1. Who must file campaign reports?

Persons required to file Campaign Disclosure Reports with the Orange County Board of Elections are candidates for:

• All Joint Fundraiser Committees must file Campaign Disclosure Reports, regardless of amounts spent or received
• Board of Education Members
• Clerk of Superior Court
• County Commissioners
• Mayors and City/Town Council Members/Commissioner Members
• Referenda committees and PACs influencing issues strictly within the confines of Orange County
• Register of Deeds
• Sheriff
• Soil and Water Conservation District Supervisors

Filing Elsewhere

Candidates with intentions of spending and/or receiving $1000 or less, or with intentions of not spending any money other than the filing fee to run for office, will file a Certification of Threshold in lieu of Campaign Disclosure Reports.

All other candidates running for offices not listed above, and all state PACS and Referenda committees must file Campaign Disclosure Reports with the State Board of Elections rather than the Orange County Board of Elections.

2. What forms are to be filed?

The forms are varied, depending on what type of committee and the amount of committee expenditures and receipts. Most committees file a Statement of Organization, a Certification of Treasurer, a Certification of Financial Account Information, and periodic financial Disclosure Reports.

3. Where can these forms be obtained?

Forms are available by visiting the Campaign Reporting Forms; or you may pick up forms at the Orange County Board of Elections office located at:

208 S Cameron Street
Hillsborough, NC 27278

4. How should forms be filed?

All campaign reports must be delivered by either of the following options:

• By mail at:
  Orange County Board of Elections
  P.O. Box 220
  Hillsborough, NC 27278
  (certified mail is strongly recommended)
• In person at:
  Orange County Board of Elections
  208 S Cameron Street
  Hillsborough, NC 27278

All candidates required to file campaign reports with this office will be notified by mail 2 weeks (municipal candidates) to a month (all others) prior to the due date of the next report due.

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Care Coordination for Children (CC4C)

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1. How does the Care Coordination for Children Program help families?

A Care Coordinator (nurse or social worker) will:

• Discuss family strengths and concerns through home visits, telephone calls and other personal contacts
• Identify programs, services and resources that meet the family's needs
• Provide developmental assessments
• Serve as a link between the family and child's doctor

2. What are typical family concerns for child served by the program?

Examples of typical family concerns include:

• Children with a medical diagnosis
• Feeding difficulties
• Lack of support systems
• Prematurity - babies born before their due date or with low birth weight
• Speech concerns

3. What is the cost?

There is no charge to eligible families.

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Child & Adolescent Health Services

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1. What is a Well Child Check-up?

It is a visit to a Health Care Provider when your child is not sick. This visit includes a complete health history and a comprehensive physical exam. The physical exam includes the following:

• Age appropriate developmental screening
• Blood pressure (3 years and up)
• Hearing screening
• Height and weight measurement
• Immunizations
• Lab procedures: urinalysis, sickle cell, tuberculin skin test, lead screening
• Nutrition assessment
• Vision screening
• Vital signs

These visits are also an opportunity to ask any questions you may have about your child's health.

2. When should my child have a Well Child Check-up?

It is recommended that you take your child to his/her primary care provider for a Well Child Check-up at the following ages:

• 2 weeks
• 2 months
• 4 months
• 6 months
• 9 or 15 months
• 12 months
• 18 months
• 2 to 20 years recommended annually

Remember to bring your child's immunization record with you to the appointment.

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Community Relations - Broadband

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1. Now that Phase I has been announced, what happens next?

In the coming months, you’ll begin seeing Lumos crews in neighborhoods around the area. 

As construction nears in your neighborhood, you’ll receive additional communications on the build process and what to expect. These will come in the form of direct mail notices, door hangers, etc. 

In the meantime, to make sure you’re one of the first on your street to get reliable, high-speed Internet, head over to www.lumosfiber.com/builtforthefuture to learn more and sign-up to find out when service is available in your area.

2. How long will it take to build out the network, and when will services be available?

The next steps from Lumos are to formulate a more detailed engineering plan, which will take several months. The entire build – including the RFP and Lumos's privately financed portion – is scheduled to be finished by the end of 2025, barring unforeseen circumstances.

The construction timeline would make services available to homes within the RFP according to the following schedule:

Phase	Homes added	Date
1	1,000	June 30, 2023
2	1,000	Sept. 30, 2023
3	1,000	Dec. 31, 2023
4	1,000	March 31, 2024
5	1,000	June 30, 2024
6	1,370	Sept. 30, 2024

3. Will Lumos offer a low-cost option?

Under the terms of the agreement, Lumos will offer a low-cost service with a minimum speed of 100 Mbps symmetrical for no more than $30 per month, prior to any federal or state subsidies available, until at least two years from the date construction is completed. Consistent with the terms of the American Rescue Plan Act, Lumos must also participate in the Federal Communications Commission' s Affordable Connectivity Program as long as it is available.

The contract further provides that the standard rates that are in place at the time of first customer activation will not increase by more than ten percent (10%) per year for any service levels until at least Jan. 1, 2026. 

4. I want to sign up. What do I do?

Visit www.lumosfiber.com/builtforthefuture to learn more and sign-up to find out when service is available in your area. 

5. What kinds of service options are available, and what is the cost?

According to terms of the RFP, provider will advertise on their website and offer broadband service pricing at the rates quoted in the RFP responses (or better) until at least three months after the date of the first customer activation. Provider further agrees that its standard rates in place at the date of the first customer activation will not increase by more than 10% per year for any of the service levels until at least Jan. 1, 2026, in the portion of Orange County to which Provider deploys FTTP Service pursuant to this Agreement.

• 100 Mbps x 100 Mbps - $49.99
• 200 Mbps x 200 Mbps - $59.99
• 500 Mbps x 500 Mbps - $74.99
• 1,000 Mbps x 1000 Mbps - $89.99
• 2,000 Mbps x 2000 Mbps - $159.99

6. Why did Orange County decide Broadband was a priority?

The COVID- 19 pandemic highlighted the need for households in Orange County to have access to broadband internet, which is defined as 25 megabits per second (mbps) download speed and 3 mbps upload speed. Broadband has become a necessity to fully participate in educational instruction, commerce and civic life. This need is particularly acute in the rural parts of Orange County where low density impedes the ability of internet service providers to recover the cost of a significant capital investment. 

7. Why did Orange County choose to partner with Lumos?

The Orange County Broadband Task Force reviewed different models to deploy broadband technology and chose to seek alternatives that delivered upload and download speeds of at least 100 mbps, consistent with the terms of the American Rescue Act Plan. The Task Force designed a request for proposal (RFP) to seek providers that could meet that standard and serve the County' s unserved and underserved homes. The Task Force also created a detailed scoring matrix and appointed a member to serve on the evaluation and contract negotiation team.

The RFP was issued on Sept. 13, 2021, with one amendment added Oct. 11, 2021. The County received four proposals from internet service providers in response to the RFP. The evaluation team scored the proposals and began contract negotiations with Lumos (then known as North State Communications Advanced Services, LLC).

8. How is Orange County paying for its share?

The cost to build the entire network is approximately $45 million. The agreement requires Orange County to pay up to $10 million in American Rescue Plan Act (ARPA) funds as a grant to Lumos in three installments:

• 1,000,000 within 30 days of contract execution
• 3,000,000 after enabling connections to 3,000 homes no later than Dec. 31, 2023
• 6,000,000 after enabling connections to the remaining 3,370 homes no later than Dec. 31, 2024

9. What will Lumos do?

Lumos will engineer, build, operate, and maintain a fiber to the premises (FTTP) network in Orange County consisting of over 615 miles of fiber that will enable connections to approximately 6,370 unserved locations. The county compiled a list of precise address points to be served. Any address points that were inadvertently omitted from the list but are in the coverage area, will be added to the list of addresses covered automatically. The provider will be responsible for procuring all easements and rights of way and will continue to make best efforts at reaching blocked locations for five years after the completion of construction. The network will offer up to 2 gigabit per second (gbps) symmetrical fiber broadband internet access to every home and business passed. The minimum level service offered to each home and business will be 100 Mbps symmetrical. The network covers all of the homes identified by the County as unserved with the exception of approximately 20 households south of Chapel Hill.

10. My home is far off the main road – what can I do?

Lumos will provide a “service drop” (the fiber optic cable that connects the customer’s premises to the nearest terminal on the street) up to 1,000 feet at no additional cost to the customer. For customers with long driveways and homes with extended setbacks from public rights-of-way, a Lumos engineer will review and determine if any additional charges apply for service drops greater than 1,000 feet.

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Community Relations - Community Giving Fund

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1. What is the Orange County Community Giving Fund?

It is an encompassing fund for Orange County government, so donations can be given to support any department or County-sponsored activity. All gifts are tax deductible and used for the purpose for which they are given and acknowledged as such. Additionally, this fund is a framework for receiving a variety of donations, which are managed by SunTrust Bank.

2. Will Donations Made to the Fund Supplant Money in the County's Annual Budget?

No. Orange County welcomes the public and its residents to make charitable donations and gifts to support favored efforts and County-sponsored activities. These gifts would help Orange County to carry out many of its vital services as a supplement to the County's General Fund and annual budget.

3. What County-Sponsored Projects can I Support with my Donations?

Programs range from the Frail Elderly Fund, Spay/Neuter Program for Pets, Newborn/Parental Training and Safety Support, Tobacco Use Prevention/Smoking Cessation, Job Partners – Homelessness Initiative, Parks and Recreation Equipment and Amenities. Donations may also be made to other County projects, programs and services, such as the Arts Commission and Veterans Memorial.

You can view all the available giving opportunities prior to making your donation.

4. How Does the Fund Receive Donations?

The Orange County Community Giving Fund accepts donations online or checks can be mailed to:

ATTN: COMMUNITY GIVING FUND
Orange County Finance & Administrative Services
PO Box 8181
Hillsborough, NC 27278

5. Are the Donations Made to the Fund Tax Deductible?

Yes. When you make a gift, you receive the full tax advantages available by law for gifts to public charities. Donors are able to avoid capital gains tax for gifts of appreciated assets, and donors’ estate tax liability may be reduced. SunTrust Bank will provide a receipt to substantiate your charitable income tax deduction in the year the gift is made in accordance with IRS rules. 

 

The “Payment History” tab within the SunTrust Bank donation portal offers donors the ability to view previous online donations.  There is an option to print individual donations for record keeping purposes.

6. How Can I Learn More About the Fund?

To learn more about the fund, please send an e-mail to donations@orangecountync.gov or call Orange County Finance & Administrative Services at 919.245.2455.

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Community Relations - Flag Ordinance

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1. What prompted this amendment?

Concerns from local residents and property owners over the lack of regulation(s) ensuring the display of a flag does not dominate local skylines.

Staff in the County Attorney’s office and Planning Department were directed to clarify standards governing the overall allowable height of flagpoles, their distance from common property lines, the allowable number of flags/flagpoles that could be erected on property, and maximum allowable flag area.

For more information on the purpose and intent of the amendment, please refer to the minutes from the March 20, 2018, BOCC regular meeting.

2. Isn't this just an attempt to ban a specific type of flag?

No. The proposed amendment establishes specific, measurable standards with respect to the size and number of flags that can be displayed as well as height of any erected flagpole. These standards will be easy to abide by and enforce.

The proposed regulation does not establish content standards or ban a specific flag.

3. What changes did the BOCC approve on May 15, 2018?

The amendment establishes the following standards:

• Within a residential general use zoning district (including Rural Buffer, Agricultural Residential, Rural Residential, etc.) the amendment allows for the erection of a single flagpole and a maximum of three flags displayed, with each flag being a maximum of 24 square feet in area (e.g. 4 by 6 feet). The proposed amendment further limits the height of a flagpole in residential zoning districts to a maximum of 24 feet in height
• Within all other nonresidential general use zoning districts, the amendment allows up to three flags and three individual flagpoles. Each flag can be a maximum of 96 square feet in area (e.g. 8 by 12 feet). The amendment also proposes that flagpoles in nonresidential zoning districts be limited to a maximum of 54 feet in height
• In all general use zoning districts, a flagpole shall be required to observe a 20-foot setback from all property lines
• The proposed ordinance contains language exempting flags, no greater than 12 inches in height, displayed on individual grave sites within a cemetery

4. Which areas of the county are impacted by the ordinance?

The standards will apply only to properties located within the County’s planning jurisdiction. Properties located within the planning jurisdictions of the Towns of Carrboro, Chapel Hill, Durham, Hillsborough, or Mebane are not subject to county land-use regulations.

No County land-use regulation is enforceable on property that is located within one of the aforementioned municipal planning jurisdictions.

5. What about flags that have already been erected within the County?

Property owners with existing flags that exceed the allowable display size or number will have one year to bring the flags into compliance with the new standards established in the Uniform Development Ordinance.

6. What about flagpoles?

The proposed amendment language treats flags and flagpoles separately. A flagpole, in and off itself, is a device. It is not a ‘sign’ or a ‘flag’ but is simply a mechanism allowing for the display of a flag.

The UDO has existing regulations governing non-conforming structures. If a flagpole is ever damaged, destroyed, or has to be replaced for any reason, it can only be re-erected in compliance with applicable standards.

7. Can a flag be mounted on a structure?

Yes. It would, however, have to abide by established size and number limitation(s).

8. If I cannot meet established setbacks, does this mean I cannot erect a flagpole?

Property owners who cannot meet the setback requirements would have to obtain a variance to allow for the erection of a flagpole within required setback areas. Variance requests are reviewed by the Orange County Board of Adjustment and require the submittal of a variance application and submittal of a review fee in accordance with the adopted County fee schedule.

9. Does a flag painted on a structure have to meet established size limits?

A flag painted on the side of a building would be considered a mural/art and is not subject to current County regulations.

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Community Relations - Greene Tract

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1. What is the Greene tract?

The Greene Tract is a 164 acre parcel of which 104 acres is jointly owned by Orange County/Chapel Hill/Carrboro and 60 acres owned by Orange County (Headwaters Preserve). The Greene Tract is part of the Historic Rogers Road Neighborhood area.

2. What are the plans for the Greene Tract?

In 2002, the Greene Tract was designated as an area for the development of affordable housing and preservation of green space. Several planning efforts since that time have also identified a need for mixed-use development and a site for a future elementary school to accommodate Chapel Hill-Carrboro City Schools’ growing enrollment needs.

In May 2017, a joint staff work group was requested to examine the development potential of the existing Greene Tract and provide three alternatives illustrating high, medium and low development alternatives. Each alternative had to take into account specific elements and goals including, but not limited to, incorporating a future elementary school and park site, preserving valuable environmental features and corridors, protecting historical and cultural resources, encouraging cost-effective infrastructure, and identifying areas for future development. These alternatives, vetted through a multijurisdictional staff work group, assisted in the development of the conceptual plan that was presented to the local governing boards in January 2019.

After reviewing the entire property and identifying the most environmentally sensitive areas, the County voted to reconfigure its 60 acres to protect those critical areas, as well as recommending a conservation easement over an additional 22 acres. The County also voted to recombine other areas to increase the opportunities for affordable housing and potential mixed use development, including accessible community commercial opportunities the Rogers Road community has sought for several years. The plan recommends:

• Approximately 22 acres for joint preservation
• Approximately 60 acres (county-owned) for preservation
• Approximately 11 acres for public school site
• Approximately 4 acres for public recreational facility site
• Approximately 45 acres for housing/mixed use in the short-term
• Approximately 22 acres reserved for future residential use (10-20 years from now, depending on need)

3. Why is affordable housing such an important issue in Orange County?

Orange County has one of the worst income disparities of any county in the state, and there is a desperate need for more affordable housing in our community. All the elected boards have made this one of their highest priorities. Many residents understand the need and overwhelmingly approved a $5 million affordable housing bond in 2016 (65.6% approval).

Costs to provide affordable housing in Orange County are high. Costs can be lessened by using county or town-owned property like the Greene Tract. In addition, in order to effectively support the residents of affordable housing, it is vital that it have access to essential housing related services like water and sewer, transit, schools, recreation, and economic opportunities. The Greene Tract scores high on all these metrics.

4. Why is the county changing the 2002 agreement that called for more of the land to be preserved?

The 2002 agreement called for preserving 85.4 acres of the original 104-acre parcel. With the additional 60 acres (Headwaters Preserve) added to this parcel, plus the 22 acres of land dedicated for conservation and four acres for recreational use, the revised agreement will preserve a minimum of 86 acres. Open space is also anticipated to also be interspersed within the areas suggested for future development, as is the norm in Chapel Hill, Carrboro, and Orange County.

Preserving our county’s natural spaces is a priority for the Orange County Board of Commissioners. We have invested in conservation easements throughout the county. In conjunction with Chapel Hill and Carrboro, we created the Rural Buffer in 1988, a joint planning and zoning area that encourages very low-density residential development and promotes agricultural uses.

5. What are the next steps?

In order to modify the existing Headwaters Preserve area, a recombination survey will need to be completed illustrating the new parcel lines of the Headwaters Preserve area (County owned) and Joint Owned area. Once complete, the recombination survey will be presented for approval to the BOCC and the chair's signature for the Headwaters Preserve and all three local governments for the joint area.

Development and preservation options will be further evaluated and discussed in order to determine goals for the Greene Tract in regards to development type, land use, preservation, density, and affordable housing. This phase will include community outreach and is expected to be be presented to elected officials in the fall of 2019.

Staff will also be seeking general direction on how to achieve goals using zoning strategies such as "Master Planned Developments", developer agreements, etc. and the interest in releasing a Request for Qualifications (RFQ) to partner with a developer(s) to achieve mixed income neighborhoods. This plan is expected to be presented to elected officials in early 2020.

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Community Relations - Northern Campus

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1. Why does Orange County need a new detention center?

The county has been studying the feasibility of a new detention center for several years. The Orange County jail was originally built in 1925 to house 34 inmates and has been expanded several times since to its current capacity of 129. The last expansion occurred in the mid-1990s. The number of beds will increase slightly with the new facility, which will also offer potential for additional expansion should future needs dictate.

The current jail needs significant upkeep each year to meet minimum standards as established by the NC. Department of Health and Human Services. The current facility has several inadequacies that must be addressed, including an aging cell locking mechanism that is expensive to repair and will need to be replaced, insufficient kitchen, medical and laundry facilities and an inadequate suicide watch cell, especially for female inmates.

2. If the county acquires the properties for the Northern Campus uses, would the properties be annexed into Hillsborough?

Hillsborough cannot involuntarily annex property; however the county can apply to have its property be voluntarily annexed into the Town limits and jurisdiction. No decision has been made on this yet.

3. What progress has been made regarding the Northern Campus since the County acquired the properties in April, 2018?

Since the acquisition of the properties, the Board of Orange County Commissioners have given direction on the planned capacity of the Detention Center as well as future expansion capabilities during the Capital Investment Planning process in June.  The Board has also authorized the creation of one Capital Project that absorbs the former Detention, Environment and Agriculture Center, and the Park Operations Base projects. 

County staff and its designers have submitted a preliminary site plan to the Town of Hillsborough for its review and ultimate approval over the next few months.  Approval of this site plan will allow the County to move forward with the construction of the Northern Campus.

Additionally, the Board has authorized the Manager to enter into a Construction Manager at Risk (CMAR) agreement with Bordeaux Construction, Inc. and has begun extensive stakeholder input sessions as part of the initial design process.

4. Aren’t there other sites you could use?

The county worked for several years to acquire the ground lease rights for state property near the Orange Correctional Facility (a state minimum security prison) at the intersection of NC 86 and Interstate 85 in Hillsborough (across from McDonalds) to locate the Orange County Detention Center. Ultimately, the County could not negotiate acceptable terms with the state. After this fell through, county staff identified four possible locations - rebuilding on the current site, building next to the courthouse, a site on Highway 86 North near Coleman Loop Road, and the Highway 70 site.

Rebuilding on the current site would require the county to demolish the existing facility and house prisoners in a temporary location during construction. This would cost the county an additional $5.8 million. Building next to the courthouse would have been a major disruption to downtown Hillsborough for the length of the project. The Town of Hillsborough staff did not support either of these options. The Coleman Loop Road site did not have adequate utility service, and was expected to cost a minimum of $700,000 to $800,000 to extend adequate utilities to the site.

5. Why is the Highway 70 site the best location?

The Highway 70 site was recommended by staff for several reasons.

• The location provides excellent access to the courts campus and Interstate 85.
• The location has water and sewer services adjacent to the site. Capacity and flow analysis is being conducted as part of the examination of the site.
• This site is supported by the Town of Hillsborough staff. Since the site falls within Hillsborough’s planning and land use ordinance jurisdiction, the county is following the prescribed process for the necessary land-use and zoning ordinance amendments to develop the campus site as envisioned.
• The site offers more operationally efficient agriculture center, park operations center, and detention center transportation routes.
• There are no existing structures on the site.
• The site can accommodate other uses - e.g. the Agricultural Center, Parks Operations base and Park-and-Ride lots.
• A campus site development strategy for multiple facilities allows for more cost and operations efficiency.

6. Why does Orange County need a new Environment and Agricultural center?

The current Environment and Agricultural Center was originally a grocery store and was built in 1960. This facility also has significant challenges for ongoing repair and maintenance. It currently houses:

• Cooperative Extension
• Department of Environment, Agriculture, Parks and Recreation (DEAPR) administrative and agricultural services offices
• Farm Services Administration
• Soil and Water
• USDA Rural Development

The proposed site provides an opportunity to design and construct a modern and accessible agriculture facility and grounds to meet the needs of the agriculture community in Orange County. The site also provides the same opportunity for a co-located Parks Operations base, which will provide more efficient management of county parks operations. The projects are already planned for in the county’s long-term capital plan.

• View the agenda item from March 21, 2017, BOCC meeting with analysis of site and potential options for new or refurbished site.

7. What is a Construction Manager at Risk (CMAR)?

A CMAR is a firm that is serves as a Construction Manager in an agreement with Orange County.  As the CMAR, Bordeaux Construction will work closely with the County and its Designers in all phases of facility programming, design, cost estimating, value engineering, and construction project management.  The CMAR will provide a Guaranteed Maximum Price (GMP) for the project for the Board’s consideration and approval prior to beginning of construction.

8. What will happen to the current facility?

If the Highway 70 site is approved, the county would conduct a study to determine the best and highest use of the current detention center and the current Environment and Agricultural Center.

9. What is ETJ?

Extraterritorial Jurisdictional (ETJ) authority is the process by which a municipality extends their land development regulations (i.e. zoning and subdivision regulations) to an area around its existing corporate limits. By doing so, the ETJ area is developed ‘in harmony’ with those adjacent properties already located within the municipality's corporate limits as they are required to abide by the same development standards. North Carolina cities have had ETJ authority since approximately 1959.

10. What is the Comprehensive Plan?

The Town of Hillsborough has adopted a Comprehensive Plan outlining, amongst other things, the anticipated levels of growth throughout the community. The Plan represents the vision of the Town outlining areas where various land uses (i.e. residential, commercial, office, industrial, etc.) are anticipated to occur. This allows community officials to work with property owners to promote specific land uses and development intensities throughout the Town.

As part of this process, the Town of Hillsborough and Orange County jointly adopted the Central Orange Coordinated Area (COCA) Land-Use Plan for lands within the Town's established Urban Service Boundary. The COCA Land-Use Plan, which is a component of the Town’s Comprehensive Plan, is a tool to determine the consistency of any proposed rezoning request with the Town/County future land-use visions for a given area.

The area the county is looking to develop is designated as ‘Rural Living,’ which is an area intended to allow for low-density residential uses (densities below 0.5 dwelling units per acre) in areas without public water and sewer service, in locations where continued low-intensity use without public water and sewer is desirable for the foreseeable future. Given the availability of utility infrastructure (i.e. water and sewer) the County is requesting a change in the future land-use designation of this area to ‘Suburban Office’. This will only become effective if the request is adopted by the Town after its public hearing.

11. What Hillsborough land-use ordinance provisions are being requested to be amended by Orange County for the County Northern Campus?

The County has applied for a future land-use amendment to designate the properties as “Suburban Office” as well as a zoning amendment to designate the properties as “Economic Development District.” Questions about this process should be directed to the Town of Hillsborough Planning Department.

12. What are the criteria used in site selection and evaluation for the Orange County North Campus?

Major criteria include:

• Proximity to the major Orange County government service campuses and parks for operational considerations
• Proximity to and capacity of established utilities (water, sanitary sewer, power, natural gas, etc.) and transportation routes
• Physical site conditions
• Potential for co-located and centralized “campus” services
• And long-range land planning considerations established within adopted County and other planning jurisdiction policies and ordinances

13. What kind of due diligence did the county perform on the site?

The county conducted several tests and surveys for the site. Below are PDFs of the various environmental and site surveys the county authorized.

• Cultural and Archaeological Assessment (PDF)
• Environmental Site Assessment (PDF)
• Index of Due Diligence Efforts from Orange County (PDF)
• Site Civil Engineering and Land Planning Analysis (PDF)
• Soils and Geotechnical Analysis (PDF)
• Wetland Delineation and Stream Evaluation (PDF)

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Community Relations - Storm preparation

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1. How can I receive current information about the storm?

Text: To receive regular updates on potential storm impacts on Orange County, please text OCStorm to 888-777. Standard text messaging rates apply. This service will be active throughout the year and will provide storm-related information for all kinds of storms that may impact Orange County, including winter storms, hurricanes and other severe weather events.

Twitter: Follow us on Twitter at @OCNCGOV for the latest updates and news from your county.

OCAlerts: Sign up for our emergency notification system (www.orangecountync.gov/OCAlerts) that allows you to select how you want to be notified -- text messages, email or phone calls. The service is free.

Please do not call 9-1-1 with non-emergency questions.

2. How can I report a service outage?

• Duke Power: 1-800-POWERON (1-800-769-3766) (Click here for Duke Power outage maps).
• If you lose power, text REG to 57801 for text alerts from Duke Energy. With outage alerts, we'll notify you by text, voice message or email when you have an outage. We'll also send status updates and estimated restoration times. Sign up and manage contact information online. Or simply send a text with the message REG to the phone number 57801 to receive outage alerts by text.
• Piedmont Electric: Main Office:1-800-449-2667 OR Report Outage:1-800-222-3107 (PEMC outage map).
• Text message instructions: You can also report outages via text message. To opt into the program, text “pemc” to 800.222.3107. Then text “#out” to report an outage. For outage updates, text “#status”. Please note that it may take up to 24 hours for the system to recognize new signups.
• PSNC: 1-877-776-2427:: Click here for signs of a gas leak.
• Town of Hillsborough water customers should report water line breaks and other water-related emergencies by calling 919-732-3621.

3. How do I sign up for the special needs registry?

The Special Needs Registry is a database containing information about individuals in Orange County with special needs who may require assistance in the event of a disaster. During a disaster, those on the registry will be called and given information about how to prepare for or respond to the disaster, given information regarding facilities or shelters, and to check on their well-being.  The information may also be used to assist emergency personnel and volunteers in providing assistance.

Participation in the Special Needs registry is voluntary. Individuals on the registry decide whether to accept assistance and/or remain responsible for themselves in the event of an emergency.

You register through the Orange County Department of Social Services or self-identify by registering for OC Alerts at www.ocalertsnc.com.

4. What do I do if I come across a downed tree in the roadway?

For downed trees and other debris in a roadway, assure that you are in a safe location and call 9-1-1. 

5. If I have a tree fall on my house, who do I call?

• If you or your family are in danger, contact 9-1-1.
• If the damage is minimal, or you are in no danger, contact your insurance company and/or locate a private debris removal company.
• If the tree is in the roadway, call 9-1-1.

6. I have a lot of food in my freezer. What should I do?

According to FoodSafety.gov, the following guidelines apply:

• Keep the refrigerator and freezer doors closed as much as possible.
• A refrigerator will keep food cold for about four hours if the door is kept closed.
• A full freezer will hold its temperature for about 48 hours (24 hours if half-full). If your freezer is not full, group packages so they form an “igloo” to protect each other.
• Place meat and poultry to one side or on a tray so if they begin thawing their juices will not get on other foods.
• If the power is going to be out for a long time, buy dry or block ice to keep the refrigerator as cold as possible. Fifty pounds of dry ice should keep a fully-stocked 18-cubic-feet freezer cold for two days.

N.C. State University and N.C. A&T State University Cooperative Extension have created a great resource with tips on what to do with your food when the power goes out for an extended period.

7. How can I report damage to the county?

Orange County Emergency Services has a new online tool for residents to report damage related to Hurricane Florence. The damage assessment form is linked with the county's GIS software, enabling Emergency Services to map reported incidents.

If you live in Chapel Hill, use the town's online reporting tool.

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Early Voting

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1. Who may vote early?

People eligible for early voting include:

• Any Orange County registered voter may vote at any Orange County One-Stop Early Voting Site.
• Registered voters may update their address and change vital information on their existing registration during this time. Party Changes are not allowed during the Early Voting period.
• Eligible individuals who are not registered to vote, may register and vote during the One-Stop Early Voting period. They must bring an approved HAVA ID (bank statement, drivers license, utility bill) showing their name and current address.
• Any individual may vote a Provisional Ballot if unable to meet the requirements to register and vote a regular ballot at the time they present to vote.
• All Provisional Ballot applications will be researched and considered for approval or denial by the Board on canvass day (7 or 10 days after the Election based on the type of Election), based on the information provided by the voter.

2. How do I vote early?

To vote early appear at one of the designated One-Stop Early Voting sites during the Early Voting period, state your name and current address. Once identified on the voter registration list, you will be given the same ballot that you would be given on Election Day.

3. When does early voting begin?

Early Voting starts the 3rd Thursday prior to Election Day (20 days before the upcoming Election) and ends on the Saturday prior to Election Day (3 days before the upcoming Election).

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Economic Development-COVID-19 fund

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1. What is the purpose of the County’s financial assistance program?

The purpose of the Orange County Emergency Small Business Funding Program is to assist Orange County-based small businesses that are experiencing financial difficulties such as mandated shutdowns, employee layoffs, and operating losses as a result of ongoing efforts nationwide to contain and minimize the spread of the Covid-19 virus pandemic.

Businesses receiving funding through this program must be based in Orange County, are encouraged to employ Orange County’s residents, and contribute to our community’s economy.

2. What businesses are eligible/ineligible to apply for funding through this program?

Small business applicants must be located within Orange County and in locations zoned appropriately for the intended business activity. Additional criteria include:

• Business applicants must be for-profit business entities.
• Business applicants must have no outstanding tax liens or legal judgments as of February 1, 2021 and have applicable 2019 North Carolina business licenses.
• Ineligible businesses include, but not limited to, companies involved in real estate investment, multi-level marketing, adult entertainment, or firearms. Companies with outstanding local tax liabilities or tax liens as of February 1, 2021 or currently in bankruptcy (Corporate or Personal) are not eligible. Companies that have a past due balance as of February 1, 2021 with the Orange County Small Business Loan Program are also ineligible.
• Businesses who have already received COVID-19 related financial assistance from either the state, federal or local governments are eligible to apply for this round of funding. Examples of these types of programs include Paycheck Protection Program (PPP), Economic Injury Disaster Loan (EIDL), Small Business Administration (SBA) Loan, Carrboro Small Business and Non-Profit Emergency Loan/Grant Fund.

3. Who will review grant applications and determine the awards?

An evaluation committee composed of two representatives each from the Small Business Grant Committee, the Agricultural Grant Committee, and the Small Business Loan (SBL) Board and one representative from each of the three Towns (Carrboro, Chapel Hill and Hillsborough) will assist in the structure of the program. The Emergency Small Business Funding Committee (Committee) will be staffed by the County’s Chief Finance Officer and Director of Economic Development.

Orange County staff will service the grants, to include marketing the program, receiving all applications for review, disbursing funds to award recipients, providing administrative reports, and processing all associated documentation.

The Emergency Small Business Funding Program is funded by the Orange County Board of Commissioners which retains the right to amend the grant procedures as necessary to assist the broadest level of Orange County’s small businesses.

4. What will the application and funding process look like?

• Interested businesses should complete the online application and provide the required financial reports by 5:00 p.m. on Wednesday, January 20, 2021.
  
  
• Orange County staff from the Economic Development and Finance offices will pre-screen the applications to make sure they include all required documentation and meet the guidelines.
  
  
• Applicants will then be contacted by writing to share the evaluation results and what the next steps in the process will include.
  • For grant applicants, a completed W-9 and Electronic Funds Transfer form will be required to process the funds.
• Each venture receiving a grant must provide an accounting of how all funds were used by the venture within 180 days of the receipt of the grant.

5. What criteria will be used to evaluate a small business applicant’s economic need to receive a grant?

The Committee will compare revenue for April 2019 and April 2020.

Additional duties of the Committee shall include generally monitor the duties of the Program administration. These responsibilities will include:

• Determining innovative measures to deploy grant funds to sustain small business development and job creation, leading to recovery.
• Meeting with staff to review grant applications and determine which applications will be recommended for approval to County leadership, including terms and conditions.

• Applicants must submit certain financial and tax information of their small business to Orange County’s Finance & Administration Department including Federal Tax ID # and bank account information.

6. What are the eligible uses of the grant funds?

Business expenses in the following categories as a result of a need to expanded a business model to accommodate social distancing:

• Fund working capital or operational funds
• Purchase equipment, commercial-use vehicles, or machinery for the business
• Improve owner-occupied commercial property; owner must occupy 50% or more of total space
• Sustain or expand business services or products
• Retain or expand workforce development and job creation
• Fund tenant up-fit and lease-hold improvements to the business

7. What are examples of unauthorized uses of grant funds?

• Businesses that are not based in Orange County.
• Refinancing existing bank debt or investor loans
• Purchase of equipment or improvement of real estate to be used for personal use
• Political activities or private membership clubs
• Owner salary and dividend payments beyond an agreed upon amount
• Speculative ventures such as drilling for gas, oil, and commodity futures
• Lending or speculative investment purchases
• Real property held for sale or investment
• Pyramid sales - distribution plan businesses
• Floor plan financing, which is defined as a revolving line of credit that allows the borrower to obtain financing for retail goods; these loans are secured on collateral including vehicles, recreational vehicles and manufactured homes
• Foreign controlled businesses

8. What is the amount of the grant program’s potential award value to a small business applicant?

Orange County is providing up to $250,000 in funding to support individual grants of approximately $3,000 per applicant for all finalist applicants to the Round #3 program. Final award amount will be determined based on the total number of eligible applications received.

9. What is the cost to a small business that receives a grant?

  The grant program has no application fee and no other costs to the grant recipient.

10. What types of financial records and related documentation will be required as part of the grant application process?

• 2019 Tax Return
• Profit/Loss Statement from January 1, 2019 through December 31, 2019
• September 2019 Revenue (Subsidiary ledger and verified by copy of NC DOR E-500 Sales and Use Tax Report)
• September 2020 Revenue (Subsidiary ledger and verified by copy of NC DOR E-500 Sales and Use Tax Report)
• Quarterly Tax and Wage Reports (Form NCUI 101 or IRS 941); business will redact all employee SSN
• Bank Statements (from March-October 2020)
• Copy of front and back of North Carolina driver’s license or government-issued ID.

The reports referenced above should be PDF financial software system generated reports to the extent possible.

11. How much funding is available for the program?

Up to $250,000 in funding is available for the Round #3 Emergency Small Business Funding Program.

 

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[AG1]Number can be updated with the amount left from Round One.

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Emergency Services

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1. What should I do in case of fire?

If the fire is in your house, get out and call 911 from another location. If you see a fire somewhere else, try to give the telecommunicators as much information about what is on fire and where as possible.

2. What happens when I call 911?

If the call is an emergency a telecommunicator will ask you important questions as to where the call is, and what type of call it is. Stay on the line and answer the questions. This does not slow down dispatch.

During an emergency call, another telecommunicator is dispatching the proper agencies while you are answering the questions. View more information about calling 911.

3. What does HazMat mean?

This is an acronym which refers to hazardous materials. Hazardous materials are chemicals, hydrocarbons, or other man-made compounds that have accidentally been released from their containers. Hazardous materials can be found stored in homes, at businesses and being transported on highways and railroads.

4. How do smoke detectors work?

There are two types of smoke detectors - ionization and photo-electric. The function of both is the same. When smoke or smoke particulates are detected, an alarm will sound. This alarm is usually a high-pitched steady tone and the detector may have flashing or strobe lights.

Smoke detectors are either hard-wired or battery operated or a combination of the two. When a smoke detector starts giving a low occasional chirping sound, this indicates that your battery is going dead. If you buy a smoke detector, read the manufacturers' direction completely.

5. What should I do if I am told to evacuate?

In most cases you are given instructions at the time of the evacuation orders. These instructions may be to carry certain things to a shelter with you or in some cases (such as a hazardous material leak), you may be told to leave immediately. It is extremely important that you follow directions at the time you are told to evacuate.

You should be told where to go and how to get there. In some cases you may be able to drive your car; in some cases you may be told to walk.

6. What supplies do I need to keep on hand for the first 72-hour survival?

Basically you need food, water, and human comfort supplies.

7. Can my pet be brought to the shelter with me?

Yes, however, pets are not allowed to stay in human shelters. Arrangements are made for Animal Protection or Animal Control to receive your pet and carry it to a pet shelter for the duration of your stay.

8. Where can I get food and/or water?

You should have enough food and water on hand for your family for 72-hours as part of your preparedness. When disasters last longer, disaster control authorities will be bringing in water and setting up food stations. People in the affected areas will be informed as to the location of these two distribution places.

9. How will I know which roads are impassable?

Listen to the public media. Most media outlets work with the Department of Transportation to give road condition reports. Do not call 911 because they do not have the information readily available. 911 deals only with local roads for emergency response purposes.

10. What is the difference between a watch and a warning?

A watch simply means conditions are favorable for something to happen. A warning means it is going to happen.

11. How can I find out if my home is in a flood plain and what does that mean?

Call your local planning and zoning office. They can give you information as to whether you are in the flood plain. Being in a flood plain means that you live in an area subject to flooding by creeks or rivers leaving their banks because of heavy rains, snow run-offs, etc.

12. How long will my frozen food last after a power outage?

This depends on the type freezer you have (whether upright or chest type). Most freezers if not opened will keep food 24 to 72 hours. Frozen food that thaws can be cooked immediately and then refrozen.

13. What should I do if I'm told to shelter in place?

Shelter in place means that you are to stay where you are until advised to do otherwise. This could be at home, an office, at school or somewhere public. One of the best descriptions of sheltering in place and the considerations for sheltering in place at home during a storm is at the Ready North Carolina website.

14. Who do I contact about a bill for Emergency Medical Services?

The Orange County Revenue Department is charged with the duties of billing, filing insurance, and the collection of fees charged for emergency medical services. More information can be found at the Orange County Revenue website.

15. What number should I give my alarm company for burglar/fire alarm activations?

Please contact the Emergency Services Data Manager at 919-245-6100 with the address where the alarm is located to get the appropriate telephone number.

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Emergency Services - CERT Program

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1. What are the benefits of starting a CERT?

The benefits of starting a CERT include free emergency preparedness training, immediate emergency response services after a disaster, and increased community involvement. As an added bonus, CERT members receive educational materials, CERT equipment (as available), and a certificate of completion.

2. What will I learn?

CERT provides community members with skills such as disaster preparedness, fire safety, basic medical operations, light search and rescue, team organization, and more. Additionally, the Orange County CERT in partnership with Orange County Emergency Services offers regular advanced training opportunities for those who have already completed CERT Basic Training.

3. When is the next training and how do I register?

The next CERT Basic Training will be in the Spring of 2023.

 Contact cert@orangecountync.gov for any registration or course questions.

4. What additional training is offered?

Other training events and opportunities beyond Orange County can be found on the North Carolina CERT Calendar.

5. Is there a fee?

No, there is no fee.

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Finance & Administrative Services - Capital Funding Policy

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1. 1. What is the New Capital Loan Program available for Nonprofit/Outside Agencies?

The New Capital Loan program was approved by the Board of County Commissioners on September 20, 2018. The revolving loan program will be funded with $500,000 and be a part of the County’s Community Loan Fund. The Community Loan Fund is an existing County revolving loan fund that could be expanded and capitalized further through our annual capital financing borrowings.

2. 2. What is the County’s Capital Funding Policy for Nonprofits?

• Loans Not to Exceed $100,000 and subject to available Revolving Loan Balances
• Loans secured by Deed of Trust
• Revolving loan structure to recapitalize County funding source
• Five to ten year maturities at no interest; maturity term contingent on loan amount; and monthly repayment

3. 3. What is the timeline for applying for a County capital loan?

The proposed nonprofit capital timeline and process is similar to our current Outside Agency Operating Budget timeline and process as indicated below:

October / November	Outside Agency Prepares Capital Request
November 30	Capital Loan Requests Due to the County Manager and Finance and Administrative Services
December - March	Request Review and Outside Agency Presentations to the County Manager and respective staff
June	Capital Loan Approval by the Board
July	Loan Agreements Executed

4. 4. Do I need to be a currently County funded Nonprofit (Outside Agency) to qualify for this new Capital Loan program?

Yes, your organization must have received County operating funds as an Outside Agency for a minimum of three years to qualify for the new Capital Loan program.

5. 5. What are the other loan eligibility criteria?

Loan eligibility criteria:

1.  Current Outside Agency recipient with three-year average score of at least 85%
2. Clean Audit opinion (Third Party Independent Auditor – Most Recent Audit)
3. Three years Audited Financial Statements for completion of Nonprofit Financial Capacity Review

6. 6. What is reviewed in the Financial Capacity Review?

The County’s Department of Finance and Administrative Services will need to review three years of audited financial statements to complete a Financial Capacity Review. County staff will further review four Key Performance Indicators (KPI) 1) Quick (Liquidity) Ratio 2) Debt Ratio 3) Expense Efficiency Ratio and 4) Operating Reserves ratio are often used by public, private entities and financial institutions to determine financial condition and ability to repay short and long-term obligations.

7. 7. Does the Capital Loan Program only apply to building/renovation expenses?

The program is not limited to bricks and mortar assets, furniture and fixtures, equipment and vehicles, with a useful life of 5 years and greater, are eligible for the Capital Loan Program.

8. 8. What is the minimum and maximum allowable amount for loan applications?

There is no minimum amount. The maximum amount is $100,000.

9. 9. How many loan requests may an agency submit in the same fiscal year?

One loan request which may include multiple items is accepted annually.

10. 10. How many loan applications can an agency have open at one-time meaning can loans overlap – or is there a maximum number of loans an agency can have open?

As long as the agency can meet the County’s Financial Capacity Review as indicated above, there is no cap on outstanding loan requests.

11. 11. Our agency is located outside of Orange County but we serve Orange County residents – do I qualify for the Capital Loan Program?

No, for a capital loan your agency must be located in Orange County.

12. 12. What are the required financial documents for a capital loan request?

Three Years of Audited Financial Statements by an Independent Certified Public Accounting firm.

13. 13. What are the payoff terms?

The maturity terms are determined by the classification of the asset being financed as well as the loan amount.

14. 14. Who should I contact if I have any questions regarding the Capital Loan Program?

You may email your questions regarding the Capital Loan program and policy to outsideagencies@orangecountync.gov to the attention of Finance Director Gary Donaldson and/or Budget Management Services Analyst/Outside Agency Manager, Allen Coleman.

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Finance - Sales Tax

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1. What is the total Orange County Sales Tax rate?

The total Orange County sales tax rate is 7.5% and is comprised of:

Jurisdictions	Percentages	County Articles
State of North Carolina	4.75%
Orange County	2.25%	Articles 39,40,42 and 46
Public Transit	.50%	Article 43
Total	7.5%

 

2. Is Food Exempt from Sales Tax?

Food is exempt from the State portion of sales tax (4.75%) but local sales taxes (Articles 39, 40 and 42) do apply to food to make up a 2% sales tax on food. The Article 43 (half-cent Transit Tax) and Article 46 (quarter-cent county sales tax) do not apply to food. 

“Non-qualifying food” includes prepared foods and beverages in restaurants, dietary supplements, food sold through vending machines, bakery items sold with eating utensils, soft drinks and candy.

The 4.75% general sales rate tax plus local taxes, including the transit and Article 46 sales tax, are charged on purchases of "non-qualifying food."

The reduced 2% local tax rate is charged on “qualifying food,” which includes groceries and bakery items sold without eating utensils.

3. Are there separate State and County distribution methodologies?

Yes. There are two distinct sales tax distributions; a) State-wide and b) County-wide.

The state collects local sales taxes (Articles 39, 40 and 42) and distributes them to counties using two different formulas. Articles 39 and 42, which account for 1.5%, are distributed on a point of delivery basis. The point of delivery benefits counties with strong commercial bases. The remaining .5% from Article 40 is distributed on a per capita basis. The per capita basis methodology pools the .5% of Article 40 State-wide tax proceeds and allocates based on the relative population of each county.

Counties then distribute sales taxes to municipalities using one of two methods; either on a per capita basis or ad valorem basis. The Orange County Board has approved a distribution based on a per capita basis but can choose to change its distribution method each April. The per capita basis allocates revenues based on municipalities' population relative to the County-wide population. The ad valorem basis allocates based on municipalities' property tax rate relative to the County-wide total property tax rate.

The Article 43 (transit tax) is not shared with other local governments and is instead managed by GoTriangle on behalf of Orange County. The Article 46 quarter-cent tax is, by agreement from the BOCC, split between Economic Development initiatives and the public school systems in the county. It is also not shared directly with other local governments.

4. Are remote sellers required to collect sales and use tax on sales made via the Internet?

Yes. Effective November 1, 2018 all remote sellers having gross sales in excess of $100,000 sourced to North Carolina or 200 or more separate transactions sourced to North Carolina in the previous or current calendar year (collectively "Threshold") must register to collect and remit sales and use tax to North Carolina. Remote sellers may voluntarily begin collecting and remitting sales and use tax any time prior to November 1, 2018.

The Internet Tax Freedom Act prohibits North Carolina from imposing a sales tax on Internet access services, but does not prohibit North Carolina from taxing sales made via the Internet.

5. Who is considered a remote seller?

A seller that does not have a physical presence in North Carolina and does not have any other legal requirement to register in North Carolina for sales and use tax purposes, but sells products for delivery into North Carolina, is a remote seller subject to the requirements of N.C. Gen. Stat. § 105-164.8(b).

6. When making a sale, does the merchant collect tax for the state that you are located in or the state where the customer is located?

North Carolina is a destination-based state (sales are taxed where the buyer is located). Merchants collect the tax for the state where the merchandise is delivered to the customer. If the item is shipped to the customer, then tax applies for the delivery state. If the customer picks up the item at the merchant's location, tax should be collected for that state.

Sales tax is charged on the gross receipts of the retail sale or lease of tangible personal property (TPP), certain digital property, and certain services.

For manufacturers, purchases used for production are not taxed.

For distributors, items purchased for resale are not taxed.

7. How do merchants determine where the sale occurred?

The sales tax is imposed on sales where the transfer of title or possession occurs within the taxing jurisdiction. Therefore, if a sale occurs in interstate commerce, the original state where the sale occurs cannot tax the transaction. The destination state will be subject to the tax. If the vendor is registered to collect the destination state’s tax, the use tax should be collected and remitted to that state.

8. Is this a new tax?

No. Existing State law, N.C. Gen. Stat. § 105-164.8(b), requires a retailer making remote sales sourced to North Carolina to register, collect, and remit sales and use tax on the remote sales. If sales and use tax is not collected by the seller, the purchaser is required to track and annually self-report use tax from mail order and online retailers. This consumer use tax was enacted in 1939.

9. What is Nexus in North Carolina?

Nexus is determined in North Carolina by the state’s Doing Business Rule (North Carolina's Doing Business Rule, 17 NCAC 5C .0102).

Business activities that establish nexus in North Carolina include:

• Maintaining an office or other places of business in the state
• Maintaining inventory, whether in a warehouse or otherwise, in the state
• Selling or distributing from a company-owned vehicle in the state
• Owning, renting, or operating income-producing properties in the state
• Having an employee working out of the office of another company in the state

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Health & Behavioral Intervention Program (HBI)

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1. What is Health and Behavioral Intervention Program (HBI)?

HBI is confidential, specialized counseling for Medicaid eligible pregnant women to help you better cope with life's difficult problems. HBI is a service of the North Carolina Baby Love Program.

2. Who provides the counseling?

The counseling provider is a Licensed Clinical Social Worker (LCSW) who specializes in women's issues.

3. Where is the service provided?

The service is provided either in your home, the Orange County Health Department (OCHD) Clinics or other locations as appropriate.

4. What does this cost?

Health and Behavioral Intervention Program (HBI) is a free service to Medicaid eligible pregnant women. Your Medicaid will be billed.

5. How often would we meet?

How often you meet will be determined by you and the counselor based on your needs.

6. How can I receive this service?

To receive the Health and Behavioral Intervention Program (HBI) service talk with your Orange County Health Department clinic nurse or social worker about making a referral for you.

7. How can I obtain more information about this program?

For more information about this program contact:

Health and Behavioral Interventionist

Orange County Health Department

Family Home Visiting Services

P.O. Box 8181

Hillsborough, NC 27278

Phone: 919-245-2432

8. How can I obtain more information about this program?

For more information about this program contact:

Health and Behavioral Interventionist

Orange County Health Department

Family Home Visiting Services

P.O. Box 8181

Hillsborough, NC 27278

Phone: 919-245-2432

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Health - Anthrax

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1. What is anthrax?

Anthrax is an infectious disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, which can form spores that can survive in the environment for long periods of time. Anthrax infection can occur in three forms: cutaneous (skin), inhalation (lung), and gastrointestinal (stomach and intestines). Humans usually contract the disease when handling products from contaminated animals.

If people have intentionally been exposed, as in a bioterrorist release, breathing in spores is the most likely route of exposure that might lead to a serious infection (inhalation anthrax).

2. What’s the difference between exposure and infection?

Exposure to anthrax may occur if a person has been in contact with or in the presence of anthrax spores. It will depend on how the anthrax was released, where it was released, and where you were relative to the release site.

Being exposed does not necessarily mean that you will become infected. People may be exposed without actually being infected. It usually takes a lot of spores to actually infect a person.

3. How will I know if I need to be tested or need any treatment?

You will need to be tested and/or treated only if it is determined that you have actually been exposed or were likely to have been exposed to the anthrax spores. If you are determined to be at risk, you will be given antibiotics to try and prevent an infection from developing, along with verbal and written instructions about taking the antibiotics. Your health care provider and the health department will make that determination.

4. Is anthrax contagious?

Inhalation anthrax (caused by breathing in the spores) and gastrointestinal anthrax (caused by ingesting spores or bacteria) are not spread from person to person. Even if you develop symptoms of inhalation anthrax or gastrointestinal anthrax, you are not contagious to other persons, regardless of whether you are taking antibiotics or not. Cutaneous anthrax does not usually develop into a serious infection if it is treated with antibiotics. Discharge from the skin sore(s) caused by cutaneous anthrax can contain anthrax spores that can be controlled by proper bandaging.

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Health - Bed Bugs

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1. How do I know if there are bed bugs in my house or apartment?

Signs of bed bugs in your residence include the following:

• You have found an insect that looks like this in your home
• You have smelled an unusual, offensive odor
• Someone in your home has insect bites

2. What should I do if I think bed bugs are in my home?

If you rent your house or apartment, tell the owner or apartment manager. They should help you treat the problem with a professional exterminator. Act quickly and follow these steps to eliminate the bed bugs and keep them from traveling to other homes:

• Locate all areas that bed bugs might be hiding
• Under, inside and behind household furniture
• Underneath items like lamps, radios, and phones
• Walls and items hung on or near walls
• Clothing, luggage, and closets
• Work with an exterminator to thoroughly treat all places where bed bugs live
• Clean out and take apart furniture so an exterminator can fully treat the home
• If you decide to purchase insecticides or pesticides, read the label and follow directions and safety precautions, do not to let young children come into contact with harmful substances
• For furniture, only use products that are labeled for use on furniture, you may need to reapply the insecticide or pesticide after 1 or 2 days
• Clean everything and discard infested furniture, especially mattresses and sofas
• Thoroughly clean all belongings: furniture, household items, toys and clothes
• Talk to the property manager about how to dispose of infested furniture
• Be wary of used mattresses and other household furniture of unknown origin

3. What should tenants do if they live in a property that has bed bugs?

Property tenants can find information on how to control a bed bug situation by reading our Guidelines for Tenants page.

4. Can bed bugs make me sick?

Bed bugs do not tend to spread disease, but they can be irritating and their bites can cause allergic reactions to the skin (itching, swelling or burning). If you crush one with your hands or scratch your own bites, make sure to wash your hands thoroughly so you don’t cause an infection.

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Health - Betel Nuts

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1. What is betel nut?

Betel nut is the seed of an areca palm that grows in tropical parts of the Pacific, Asia and eastern Africa. It is said to have both stimulant and relaxation effects and is often used as a digestive aid or to sweeten breath.

2. How is betel nut used?

It can be chewed alone, but is most commonly used as “betel quid” (a mixture of thinly sliced areca nut, tobacco, slaked lime, and spices or flavorings, wrapped in a leaf.) It is placed in between the tongue and cheek. When it has been thoroughly chewed, the user spits it out.

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Health - Child Care Centers

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1. How many times per year is a childcare inspection done?

Twice per year an unannounced inspection is made by Environmental Health staff. Additional inspections are required if a childcare center receives a "provisional" or "disapproved" rating.

2. Does the Health Department issue permits for daycare centers?

No. While the Health Department is responsible for inspections, the license is actually issued by the North Carolina Division of Child Development and Early Education.

3. Are grades posted in a daycare?

Yes, a placard is posted in each daycare showing the result of the inspection as: Superior, Approved, Provisional, or Disapproved. Child Care Center Rules (PDF) offer more information on inspection results and guidelines for each grade.

4. What do I need to do if I am planning to open a childcare center?

You will need to speak with someone from Environmental Health to discuss your proposal. A plan review application (PDF) will need to be filled out and turned in. You will also need to discuss your plans with the building inspections office and fire marshal. If your proposed business is served by a well or septic system, additional investigations will be needed. You will also need to apply for a daycare license from the North Carolina Division of Child Development and Early Education.

5. What are the conditions that require a daycare license?

The law defines child care as: 3 or more unrelated children under 13 years of age, receiving care from a non-relative, on a regular basis of at least once a week, and for more than 4 hours per day but less than 24 hours. It is only when all of these conditions exist that regulation is required.

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Health - E. coli

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1. What is E. coli?

E. coli is a common kind of bacteria that lives in the intestines of animals and people. There are many strains of E. coli and most do not cause serious illness. However, there are some strains that produce a toxin that can cause severe illness.

These strains are called “shiga toxin-producing E. coli”. E. coli 0157:H7 is the name of one of the most common toxic strains of this type of bacteria. It is found in the intestines of some cattle, deer, goats and sheep.

2. How can I tell if I have an E. coli infection?

People with E. coli infection usually have a sudden onset of diarrhea, often with visible blood, and stomach cramps. Most people have no fever or a very low-grade fever. A stool sample tested specifically for E. coli is the best way to determine if someone is infected.

Taking antibiotics or over-the-counter anti-diarrhea medicines can make the infection worse. Call your doctor if you experience sudden diarrhea with blood in it.

3. Is E. coli infection dangerous?

Yes, it can be dangerous for some. It is especially dangerous for children under the age of five and for the elderly or adults with weakened immune systems. The bacteria can cause kidney failure and bleeding and can lead to death.

4. How is E. coli spread?

E. coli bacteria are spread by eating and drinking contaminated food or water, or by putting contaminated objects or hands into the mouth. E. coli can be spread in the following ways:

• The bacteria can be accidentally mixed into ground beef or raw meat before packaging.
• If there are bacteria on the udder of a cow during milking, it can contaminate the milk.
• Sewage and rainwater runoff from contaminated soil can introduce the bacteria into lakes, ponds, rivers, swimming pools, and wells.
• Raw vegetables, fruits and sprouts grown or washed in contaminated water can spread E. coli.
• Poor handwashing after a bowel movement or changing a diaper allows bacteria to remain on the hands then get transferred to food and drink or other objects that may go into someone else’s mouth and cause infection.

5. What can I do to protect myself and my family from E. coli?

Follow these tips to prevent E. coli infection:

• Cook ground beef to 160 degrees Fahrenheit. Measure the temperature by inserting a meat thermometer into the thickest part of the meat.
• Do not eat ground beef that is still pink in the center. If a restaurant serves you under-cooked hamburger, send it back for more cooking. Ask for a fresh bun and clean plate, too.
• In your kitchen, keep raw meat away from other foods. Wash hands, cutting boards, countertops, dishes, knives and forks in hot, soapy water after contact with raw meat, spinach greens or sprouts. Wash the meat thermometer after use.
• Never put cooked meat back onto the plate they were on before cooking.
• Avoid non-pasteurized milk, milk products, cheeses, juices and ciders.
• Drink water from safe sources, such as municipal water that has been treated, well water that has been tested, or bottled water.
• Avoid swallowing lake or pool water while swimming.
• During an outbreak of E. coli, follow instructions given by public health officials.
• Wash fresh fruits and vegetables well under running water.
• Boil fresh vegetables for 1 full minute before serving.
• Always wash your hands well after using the bathroom and before handling food or drink.

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Health - Gastroenteritis

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1. What is gastroenteritis?

According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), viral gastroenteritis is an infection caused by a variety of viruses that cause vomiting and diarrhea. Though not caused by flu viruses, it is often called the 'stomach flu'.

2. What are the risk factors for gastroenteritis?

It is common to see a spike in gastroenteritis cases in the winter as cold weather drives us inside to close quarters with our co-workers and family members. Viral gastroenteritis is very contagious. Anyone can get it, but persons in institutional settings like schools and hospitals are more prone to such infections.

3. How does the virus spread?

The viruses can be spread through close contact with infected persons by sharing food, water or eating utensils and touching common surfaces or objects. Individuals may also become infected by eating or drinking contaminated foods or beverages.

Foods and beverages may become contaminated by infected food handlers that do not properly wash their hands after using the bathroom. Foods and beverages may be contaminated by sewage at harvest. Water can also be contaminated by sewage and be the source of viral spread.

4. What are the symptoms?

Vomiting, diarrhea, and stomach pain are symptoms of gastroenteritis. Symptoms occur 1 to 2 days after being exposed to the viruses and may last from 1 to 10 days. Most people recover within 1 to 2 days, depending on the virus causing illness.

Gastroenteritis becomes serious when the person cannot replace enough fluids lost during vomiting and diarrhea and becomes dehydrated. Hospitalization may be needed to correct or prevent dehydration, especially among the very young, elderly or immuno-compromised person.

5. How can I prevent illness?

Hand washing is a key step in stopping gastroenteritis. It is also important to follow proper food storage and preparation rules. Reporting an unusual number of these illnesses to Public Health officials also helps identify potential infection points.

When one experiences diarrhea and vomiting, the immediate disinfection of contaminated surfaces with household bleach-based cleaners and prompt washing of soiled items is essential in preventing secondary spread to others. Cleaning doorknobs, faucets, telephones and other commonly touched objects can also reduce the amount of spread among family members or co-workers.

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Health - Holiday Food Safety

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1. Why is food safety important?

During the winter and summer, there are plenty of opportunities to gather with friends and co-workers. Usually these events are centered around meals. Potlucks, cookouts, church events and catered meals offer times to spread good cheer.

The Orange County Health Department warns that these events can also be opportunities to spread illness. Food borne outbreaks can happen at any occasion and at any time, but the holiday meals can be a recipe for disaster if hosts and those who prepare food don't follow smart food safety practices.

2. What are good temperature controls?

Good temperature control guidelines include:

• Keep hot foods hot (at 140 degrees Fahrenheit or hotter) and cold foods cold (at 40 degrees Fahrenheit or colder), buffet items may require heated pans or ice trays to maintain proper temperatures
• Throw out food held over 2 hours at room temperature
• Heat foods quickly - do not put cold or frozen food in a crock pot without first heating to at least 17 degrees Fahrenheit
• Cool foods quickly - separate bulk foods into small/shallow containers, or use an ice bath to cool foods quickly
• Large food portions should be divided into smaller dishes before refrigerated
• Use a food thermometer to make sure foods are cooked thoroughly (internal temperatures):
  • Poultry - 165 degrees Fahrenheit
  • Ground Beef - 155 degrees Fahrenheit
  • Pork - 150 degrees Fahrenheit
  • Beef - 130 degrees Fahrenheit to 145 degrees Fahrenheit
  • Leftovers - 165 degrees Fahrenheit

3. How can I keep things clean?

Do the following to help keep things clean:

• Wash hands and serving areas thoroughly and often
• Clean cutting boards, sponges, and utensils thoroughly, especially when switching to a new food item
• Avoid cross contamination by keeping foods separated during preparation especially meats and raw vegetables
• Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly and keep them refrigerated if possible

4. How should I handle food?

The responsibility for the health of your guests may just be in your hands. Whether you are hosting a holiday function or are a guest who brings a dish, please keep these food tips in mind:

• Be wary of eggnog or other foods containing uncooked eggs, especially if they are not kept refrigerated (Look for pasteurized eggs at the grocery store)
• Go straight home from the grocery: Perishables shouldn’t sit in the car and refrigerate within 2 hours of purchase
• Raw meat juices may leak from packaging. Wrap and store meats away from foods typically served uncooked (fruits/vegetables).
• Select food items that are fresh and within date
• Thaw foods in the refrigerator and plan ahead - an average turkey can take up to 3 days to thaw in the refrigerator

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Health - Hotels

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1. How often are hotels and motels inspected?

Our office inspects lodging at least once per year.

2. Is the food at the continental breakfast regulated?

Depending on the menu items, some continental breakfast operations are exempt from permits. Other menus with certain food items may require permits from our office. If you have questions about this, speak with the manager or with our office.

3. Are pets allowed in hotel rooms?

Under certain conditions required in the NCGS 97-7.1 (PDF), pets may be allowed in hotel rooms if the requirement for posting signs are met.

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Health - Inspections

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1. What kinds of facilities are inspected by the Health Department?

The Orange County Environmental Health inspects the following establishments:

• Adult care facilities
• Adult day facilities
• Child care centers
• Food stands
• Local confinement
• Lodging
• Meat markets
• Mobile food units and push carts
• Public swimming pools
• Restaurants
• Schools
• Summer camps
• Summer feeding sites
• Tattoo artists

The rules for each of the facilities are available. In addition, the inspection records for these facilities are available online.

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Health - MRSA

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1. What is MRSA?

Staphylococcus aureus, often called “staph”, is a common type of bacteria that can be found in the nose and on the skin of about one out of every three people. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, also called MRSA, are staph that are not killed by many of the antibiotics doctors used to prescribe most commonly for staph infections.

Until the mid-1990s, MRSA mainly affected patients in hospitals and other healthcare settings. Since that time, a new strain of MRSA has emerged. This new strain is called community-associated MRSA, and has rapidly become one of the most common causes of skin and soft tissue infections among otherwise healthy people in the community.

2. How are MRSA infections spread?

Many people carry MRSA on their skin, and most will never get sick from it. Skin infections occur when the bacteria get in through small scrapes or cuts, sometimes too small to notice. The infected area usually begins with a red bump that resembles a pimple or insect bite. If untreated, the lesion may become hard and painful or may drain pus (often called a “boil” or a skin abscess).

MRSA is most often spread through direct physical contact with an infected person. Draining lesions are highly infectious and represent an important source of spread. MRSA can also be spread by touching objects that have been soiled with drainage from an infected wound such as bandages, towels, or athletic equipment, although this is less common than direct person-to-person spread.

Outbreaks of MRSA have occurred in households, on sports teams, in prisons, in daycare centers, and in other settings where people have close contact or share equipment and personal items.

3. How can MRSA infections be treated?

Unlike hospital-associated MRSA, most community-associated MRSA infections can be treated with several types of antibiotics, including some that can be taken by mouth.

Not all MRSA skin infections require antibiotics; treatment decisions should be made by a doctor or other licensed healthcare provider. Occasionally, community-associated MRSA can cause blood stream infections, joint infections, pneumonia, or other severe infections in an otherwise well person.

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Health - Mushroom Safety

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1. What does the food code say about wild foraged mushrooms?

The North Carolina Food Code Manual Section 3-201.16 states: "(A) Except as specified in ¶ (B) of this section, mushroom species picked in the wild shall be obtained from sources where each mushroom is individually inspected and found to be safe by an APPROVED mushroom identification expert. ᴾ (B) This section does not apply to:

• Cultivated wild mushroom species that are grown, harvested, and processed in an operation that is regulated by the food regulatory agency that has jurisdiction over the operation
• Wild mushroom species if they are in packaged form and are the product of a food processing plant that is regulated by the food regulatory agency that has jurisdiction over the plant"

2. Why use an approved mushroom expert?

North Carolina's Food Protection Branch formed a committee to research the best practice for wild mushroom regulation in 2016. The committee established requirements that would allow wild mushroom foragers to sell to food establishments using the criteria set forth in the CFP "Guidance Document for a Model Wild-harvested Mushroom Program."

Because paragraph 3-210.16(A) of the Code does not specify requirements for an "approved mushroom identification expert, the CFP guidance document was used to determine the criteria that must be met for a wild mushroom forager to be an "approved mushroom identification expert". The criteria include record keeping and trace-ability, and written buyer specifications.

3. How do experts prove their credentials to the health department?

It is the responsibility of the wild mushroom forager and the food establishment to provide and maintain documented proof that the forager is an "approved mushroom identification expert" in accordance with CFP guidance document criteria.

Documented proof provided by the forager includes a written statement as to their qualifications and successful completion of training specifically related to wild mushrooms. The documentation must include curriculum information about:

• Best handling practices
• Harvesting
• Identification
• Illness
• Regulatory requirements

The forager may provide a signed and dated letter or certificate issued by the accrediting person or organization certifying that the forager has successfully completed wild mushroom identification training. The letter and/or certificate must specify the species of wild mushroom(s) the forager is qualified to identify.

4. How will wild mushrooms be traced for food service establishments?

The "North Carolina Wild Mushroom Verification Form" must be completed and signed by the wild mushroom forager and the person in charge (PIC) of the permitted food establishment. The following are also required:

• Must be maintained in the food establishment for at least 90 days from the date of sale
• Includes identification of the mushroom species by the scientific and common name, the name, address and telephone number of the wild mushroom forager and the food establishment, and a statement describing the qualifications and training of the wild mushroom forager
• Specifies the species of wild mushroom(s) the forager is qualified to identify

The "North Carolina Wild Mushroom Verification/Sale Tag" must be attached to the container in which the wild harvested mushrooms are received and the container is empty. The tag must contain the following information:

• Retained for 30 days and shall include the name and address of the wild mushroom forager
• States the forage location, date foraged, date delivered to the food establishment
• Records the date the container is empty
• Records the species of mushrooms and the quantity by weight (of each species)

5. What wild foraged mushroom species will be allowed in North Carolina restaurants?

Species allowed in North Carolina restaurants include:

• Beefsteak (Fistulina hepatica)
• Black Trumpet (Craterellus fallax)
• Cauliflower (Sparassis crispa, S.herbstii, S.spathulata)
• Chanterelles (Cantharellus cibarius, C.lateritius, C. cinnabarinus, C. appalachiensis)
• Chicken of the Wood (Laetiporus sulphureus, L.cincinnatus, L.perscinus)
• Comb Tooth (Hericium ramosum)
• Hedgehog (Hydnum repandum)
• Honey (Armillaria ostoyae, A.mellea)
• Indigo Milk Cap (Lactarius indigo)
• Leatherback (Lactarius corrugis, L.volemus)
• Lions Mane (Hericium erinaceus)
• Lobster (Hypomyces lactifluorum)
• Maitake (Grifola frondosa)
• Morel (Morchella esculenta, M. deliciosae, M. elata)
• Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus)
• Puffballs (Lycoperdon, Calvatia)

6. Are there other resources available?

Yes, view the following resources for more information:

• Guidance Document for a Model Wild-harvested Mushroom Program (PDF)
• Mushroom Mountain
• National American Mycological Association
• Wild Mushrooms and Poisoning Information

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Health - Rabies

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1. What is rabies?

Rabies is a disease that attacks the nervous system of many mammals, including humans. It is caused by the rabies virus. Once symptoms begin, rabies is nearly always fatal. In humans, it usually takes 3 to 8 weeks after exposure to the virus to begin having symptoms.

2. How is rabies spread?

Rabies is spread when an infected animal’s saliva or nervous system tissue comes in contact with a break in the skin, (such as a bite, scrape or other wound) or with a mucous membrane (like the inside of the nose, mouth or eyes). The most common way rabies is spread is by a bite from an infected animal. Rabies can also be spread by licks or scratches.

3. How can I protect my pet?

Rabies virus is shed in the saliva of an infected dog or cat for 5 days before it shows signs of rabies. If a dog or cat bites a human, the law requires it to be quarantined to watch for signs of rabies disease. If your pet has contact with an animal that might have rabies, do the following:

• Avoid touching damp or wet areas on your pet’s coat, face, or body.
• Put on rubber gloves and cover your arms, legs, and feet before touching your pet.
• Avoid touching your eyes, nose or mouth.
• Avoid “flying fluid” if your pet shakes. It could get into your eyes, nose or mouth.
• Confine your pet in a safe place away from other animals and people.
• Keep pets away from children.
• Call Animal Control.
• If you have any contact with saliva or tissue from the nervous system, wash thoroughly with soap and water.
• If your pet is up-to-date on its rabies shots, get your pet a booster dose of rabies vaccine within 5 days (120 hours).
• Do not touch an animal that may have rabies. If it is dead, use a shovel or rake to move it. Cover it with a heavy object to keep other animals and people away.

4. What about bats and rabies?

You cannot tell if a bat has rabies just by looking at it. All contact with bats should be avoided. If a bat is in your home, do the following:

• Do not free the bat.
• Do not try to catch the bat.
• Close off the area where the bat is and keep people and pets out.
• Call Animal Control to catch the bat and have it tested for rabies. If the bat does not have rabies, you do not need to be concerned about rabies infection.

Remember, bat bites can’t always be seen by looking at the skin. They are often not painful and might not wake up a sleeping person.

5. Who needs treatment to prevent rabies disease?

The following people need treatment to prevent rabies diseases:

• Anyone who has been bitten or scratched by a rabid animal
• Anyone who gets saliva or nervous system tissue from a rabid animal in their nose, mouth, eyes or a break in the skin (like a cut, scrape or other wound).
• Anyone who has contact with a bat that cannot be found for testing.
• Anyone who has been asleep or unconscious in a room where a bat has been seen.
• Anyone who is unable to give a reliable account about contact with a bat (like a young child or someone who is mentally impaired) and has been in an area where a bat has been.

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Health - Radon

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1. What is radon?

Radon is a naturally occurring, invisible, odorless gas that comes from deposits of uranium in sod, rock, and water. It is harmlessly dispersed in outdoor air, but when trapped in buildings can be harmful, especially at elevated levels. Radon is a radioactive decay product of radium, which is a decay product of uranium. Both uranium and radium are common elements in soil.

2. Where is radon found?

The primary source of high levels of radon in homes is the surrounding soil and underlying rock. Radon in water is found in nearly all sources of surface water and groundwater. Water that flows through or over radium rich rock formations chiefly found in the Piedmont and mountain regions of the sate, accumulate radium and thus radon from the decay process. Groundwater usually has much higher levels than surface water because radon in groundwater is "trapped" by being submerged and cannot easily escape.

3. How does radon get into my house?

Air pressure inside your home is usually lower than pressure in the soil around your home's foundation. Because of this difference in pressure, your house acts like a vacuum, drawing radon in through foundation cracks and other openings like floor drains, ductwork, and pipes.

Radon may also be present in well water and can be released in the air in your home when water is used for showering and other household uses. In most cases, radon entering your home through water is a small risk compared with radon entering your home from the soil.

4. What are the health effects of radon?

Exposure to radon is the second leading cause of lung cancer in the United States. Radon can be inhaled into the lungs, where it undergoes radioactive decay. As it decays, radon releases tiny bursts of energy called alpha particles, which can harm sensitive lung tissue by damaging the DNA. This damaged DNA can lead to lung cancer.

The main type of cancer caused by radon in water is also lung cancer. This is because a large fraction of radon in water is released to the air when water is used in common household tasks such as showering, washing clothes, and other uses where water can become vaporized.

5. How is radon measured?

Radon is measured in picocuries per liter or air (pQ/L). The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommend that homes with radon levels or about 4 pG/L be fixed. The "action" levels in water are set much higher at 300 pG/L.

The water levels are considerably higher because it takes high levels of radon in water to produce significant levels of radon in air. The rule of thumb is that it takes 10,000 pG/L or radon in water to raise the level of radon in air 1 pG/L. Using this rule, it would take 40,000 pG/L in water to raise the indoor air radon level to 4 pG/L.

6. Where can I get the air and water testing kits?

The Environmental Health Services Division at the Orange County Health Department has radon air sampling canisters available at no charge for residents in areas where there may be concern about high levels of indoor radon. A limited number of water sample kits are also available through Environmental Health. Staff will either collect the water samples or help homeowners to self-collect water samples.

You may also get air testing and water testing kits through a list of distributors on the web site at the bottom of the page or by calling Orange County Health Department at 919-245-2360 if you do not have internet access.

7. What can be done if my home has elevated levels of radon?

Radon problems can sometimes by fixed by caulking cracks along basement foundations, sealing leaks around pipes, or installing a pipe and fan system to vent the radon away from beneath the house. If water is releasing a significant amount into the indoor air space, water aeration or carbon filters that absorb the radon may help the situation. There is a list of North Carolina organizations that specialize in radon mitigation (radon reduction systems) on the North Carolina extension website or by calling Orange County Environmental Health Services at 919-245-2360.

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Health - Refugee Health Services

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1. Who is eligible for refugee health services?

Refugee Health services are provided to individuals with refugee, asylee or parolee status, who have recently relocated to the United States and are living in Orange County. Certain other groups are also eligible for these special “Refugee” health services, including Amerasians, Cuban/Haitian entrants, victims of severe forms of trafficking, and individuals with special immigrant visas from Iraq and Afghanistan.

2. What refugee health services are provided by the Health Department?

As directed by the North Carolina Refugee Health Program, the Health Department provides a refugee health assessment which includes:

• Appropriate follow-up
• Communicable disease screening
• Immunizations
• Lead testing for children (ages 12 months to 16 years old)
• Referral for a physical exam

This assessment is to be performed within 30 days of the person's arrival in the country. The Health Department is also a designated Civil Surgeon for refugee immunizations only. Refugees seeking assistance with their I-693 form need to schedule an appointment. View I-693 appointment and civil surgeon information in the following languages:

• Arabic (PDF)
• Burmese (PDF)
• English (PDF)
• Karen (PDF)
• Kinyarwanda (PDF)

3. Do these services cost money?

Most of these services are covered by Medicaid and / or Refugee Medical Assistance, and are free to the covered individual. There may be costs associated with some services such as the I-693 and some immunizations.

4. How do I make an appointment or get more information?

Interpreters are utilized as needed. All visits are by appointment and are usually conducted at the Chapel Hill office of the Orange County Health Department. For an appointment, call 919-245-2400. For more information, ask for the Refugee Health Nurse or the Immigrant and Refugee Health Program Manager.

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Health - Residential Care Facilities

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1. Who do I contact for concerns about treatment of residents at a home?

You will need to contact the licensing agency.

2. Who do I contact for concerns about cleanliness and sanitation at a home?

You may speak to the manager of the facility about your concerns. If they are not addressed, feel free to contact our office to discuss the issues.

3. Who inspects hospitals?

State operated hospitals are inspected by the Regional Environmental Health Specialist with the Environmental Health Section of the Department of Health and Human Services. County owned and private hospitals are inspected by county health departments.

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Health - Schools

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1. What kinds of inspections are done at the school?

The school cafeteria is inspected separately from the school building. The cafeteria kitchen is inspected 4 times per year and held to the same standard as a food service establishment; the grade is posted.

School buildings are inspected once a year, independent from their cafeterias. We do not currently post the grade of the inspection. However, future revisions to the state rules may change this.

2. How many times per year is a school building inspected?

A school building is inspected one time per year minimum.

3. What types of schools are inspected?

Public, private and religious schools are all inspected by the Health Department.

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Health - Septic Systems

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1. What is grey water?

Grey water is the wastewater, excluding toilet waste, that comes from plumbing fixtures in the home. It includes waste from washing machines, sinks and bathtubs. Grey water contains bacteria that can make people sick (pathogens) and must be disposed of in an approved sewer or septic system.

2. Can I use grey water to water plants at my home?

Once water enters the drain of a plumbing fixture, it must be connected to an approved wastewater system. It is illegal to disconnect drains to use the water for irrigation or other purposes.

It is considered by some to be acceptable to capture bathwater or dish washing water in a pail to use for plant watering. If this is done, the water must be used immediately and should not sit around for a long period of time before use.

3. How often do I need to pump out my septic tank?

For maintenance, a septic tank should be pumped to keep the system working properly. How often it is pumped depends on the amount of sewage generated, the size of the family and the size of the tank. Generally, a septic tank should be checked every 5 years to see if it needs to be pumped. North Carolina State University's Septic Systems and Maintenance website provides more information.

4. When should I have my septic system inspected?

A septic system should be inspected at least every 5 years to check if the septic tank needs pumping and for other operational problems. A list of certified inspectors is available from the state certification board website. If you suspect problems with the system including wet areas in that area of your yard, slow draining plumbing or sewage odor, you should contact our office to come out and check out the system.

5. How long should a septic system last?

A conventional septic system has a typical life of between 20 and 40 years. There are many factors that will affect the useful life including soil type, landscape position, amount of water used in the house and most important – maintenance of the system.

6. What do I need to do to maintain my septic system?

To maintain your septic system, you should conserve water, don’t flush chemicals or grease down the drain, maintain the ground cover over the drain field, and have the tank checked every 5 years. Our septic system page offers more information on septic system maintenance.

7. What permits are needed in order to build a house?

For homes or businesses built where the sewer system is not available, the following permits will need to be issued by Environmental Health:

• Improvement Permit: This is a permit that is issued for sites that have acceptable soil to support a septic system. Some lots that have been recently subdivided already have an issued improvement permit. Check with our office to get a copy of the improvement permit.
• Construction Authorization: This is the permit that allows for the installation of the septic system and must be issued before the building permit is issued. To get a construction authorization, you must submit an application with a floor plan of the building and a site plan of the property.
• Well Permit: If the property is not served by public water, you will also need to apply for a well permit

Please visit the Environmental Health page for permit applications. 

8. What if I have an existing house that I want to replace or add on to?

If you are not increasing the number of bedrooms and the addition does not encroach on the septic system or well, you will need to apply for an Existing System Authorization. You will need to submit the application along with a floor plan and site plan. Our office will visit the site and if there are no problems, will issue the authorization before the building permit can be issued.

If the number of bedrooms is increasing, or the septic system needs to be relocated, you will likely need to apply for an Improvement Permit and Construction Authorization. Please talk with one of our staff to make this determination.

9. How long is my permit good for?

Improvement Permits and Construction Authorizations are valid for 5 years. It is possible to get an improvement permit that has no expiration. For this type of permit, the application must contain a plat prepared by a registered land surveyor to a scale of 1 inch to 60 feet or less, showing the house location, driveway, water supplies, surface waters and other structures. Please talk with a staff member if you are interested in this type of permit.

10. What is a conventional septic system?

A conventional septic system refers to the type of drain field on a septic system. After sewage passes through the septic tank, it goes to a drainfield (also known as a leach field or absorption field). The drain field consists of a trench filled with gravel and a pipe or some other material that allows the liquid from a septic tank to percolate into the soil.

11. What is a perc Test?

When people say that land percs, they are implying that the land has been evaluated, and a site on the property has been identified as acceptable for a septic tank system. Be cautious of claims that a certain property has been “perked” unless a valid permit has been issued by the Health Department. "Perc" test is an antiquated term that refers to the practice of digging post holes and pouring water in them to see how quickly the water percolates or is absorbed into the ground.

This type of testing was replaced in the mid 1970s with a comprehensive soil and site evaluation. An evaluation consists of several auger borings or pits where our staff evaluates the soil texture, structure, consistence, and evidence of long-term drainage performance as indicated by color. If an adequate area of soil is found with suitable soil and topography, our staff will issue an Improvement Permit indicating the site can be used for a septic system drain field (absorption field). Permits are good for 5 years.

12. What size does a septic system need to be?

Septic systems are sized according to the number of bedrooms in a house. The more bedrooms, the bigger the tank size and more area required for the drain field. If a property has a permit for a 3 bedroom home, and you wish to have a 4 or 5 bedroom home, you will need to apply for a new improvement permit and construction authorization in order to increase the size of the septic system.

It is important to note that for the purpose of sizing septic systems that a bedroom is considered to be any room in the home that can reasonably function as a bedroom, regardless of the current use of the room. A typical 4-bedroom septic system and repair area will need about 1/4 to 1/3 of an acre of acceptable soil.

13. Why do septic systems fail?

There could be several factors affecting whether a septic system will fail including age, soil conditions, water usage and the level of maintenance. Many system drain fields fail because of tree roots that grow into the trenches seeking water and nutrients. Many other systems fail because of leaking plumbing that overloads the septic system drain field.

All septic systems will eventually reach their capacity to treat and absorb wastewater. For this reason, it is important to know where your repair area is and to make sure that nothing happens to it.

14. What is a repair area?

A repair area is an area of suitable soil that is reserved in case the original drainfield fails. After the repair field is installed, an owner will be able to switch from the old drain field to the new drain field and back again. While one drainfield is working, the other one is resting and rejuvenated. Alternating the two areas allows for a system with an indefinitely longer life.

15. What kind of trees can I plant near the septic system?

The best ground cover over a drain field is a well maintained grass cover. While it is not recommended, an owner may choose to plant trees near the drain field area. The exact location of the drain lines need to be known so that a tree is not planted on top of the drain line.

Most modern drain fields have only 6 to 12 inches of back fill over them, and the pipe and trench can be damaged by planting trees too close or on top of the drain line. If trees are planted near the drain field, you should avoid species that are known to have problem roots. These species include:

• Any tree with fibrous roots.
• Elms
• Maples
• Sweet gum
• Willows

16. How can I find out where my septic system is?

Our office has records that show the septic system location for most county properties. Contact the Environmental Health Office for more information.

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Health - Swimming Pools

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1. What kind of swimming pools are inspected?

Any public pool, spa or wading pool that serves more than one family is inspected and must receive an annual permit to operate. These pools may be located at:

• Apartments
• Community centers
• Condominiums
• Duplexes
• Health clubs

2. How many times per year is a pool inspected?

Seasonal pools (those that do not operate from November through March) are inspected at least once per year and prior to opening for the season. Year-round pools are inspected at least twice per year.

3. Are bathers required to use the shower before going in to the pool?

Showers must be available for use at any pool built after 2003. In addition, the pool is required to state clearly on a sign that a shower is required before entering the pool.

4. How do I know that a pool is protected from suction hazards?

All pools are required to have suction prevention drain covers in place. If you suspect that a drain cover is missing or broken, contact our office immediately.

5. Is it safe to swim in a pool with cloudy water?

If the bottom of the pool can not be seen clearly from the deck, it indicates a chemical imbalance. The pool must be closed immediately and can not reopen until the chemicals have been adjusted and the water quality standards are met. A submerged swimmer in trouble may not be visible, and this presents a safety hazard.

If you encounter a pool with cloudiness, please contact our office immediately.

6. Does the pool grade have to be posted?

Pools do not have posted grades, however they must meet specified requirements in order to operate. You can visit our inspection results or ask the pool operator to view the permit.

7. How often are pool chemicals checked during the day?

The pool operator must visit the pool at least once daily to measure and record water quality and to make necessary adjustments for maintenance.

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Health - Tattoo Shops

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1. How often is a tattoo artist inspected?

Inspections are conducted at least once per year. A new permit is required for each artist annually.

2. Who issues permits for tattoo artists?

Orange County Environmental Health issues permits to each individual tattoo artists within a designated location.

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Health - Wells

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1. Do I need to get a permit to drill a well or repair my existing well?

Yes. Any newly constructed or repaired well must have a permit issued by the Health Department. Please visit the Environmental Health page for permit applications. You must pay a permit fee for new wells, however there is no charge for a well repair or abandonment permit.

2. What inspections from the Health Department are required for my well?

When a new well is constructed, we make a site visit at least 4 times to do the following:

• Siting the well and issuing the permit
• Inspecting the grout during the well construction
• Inspecting the well head after the pump is installed and before the house can be occupied
• Collecting a water sample within 30 days of putting the well into use

3. What do I need to do to maintain my well?

A properly protected well should provide many years of trouble-free service. Modern drilled wells are generally protected from extended droughts, however you should practice water conservation in the home to benefit the well and to extend the life of your septic system. Make sure that the well is protected from freezing and that surface water is not allowed to pond around the well.

4. When does a well need to be abandoned and why?

Wells that are no longer in use must be properly closed. Open or unprotected wells act as a route for contaminants to quickly reach the groundwater, which can then contaminate other wells. An unprotected well can also present a significant safety hazard and liability for the owner.

A packet (PDF) explaining the proper abandonment of wells is provided by the Health Department. If you still have questions, please contact us.

5. How can I test the quality of my private drinking water supply?

You can turn in an application for water testing along with payment to our Environmental Health office. Our technician will come to your property to collect the sample which is tested at the North Carolina State Laboratory for Public Health. Once the testing is completed, we will email or mail the results to you.

6. What is a bacteria test and what does it tell me?

A bacteria test checks for the presence of total coliform bacteria and fecal coliform bacteria. These bacteria are not normally present in deeper groundwater sources. They are associated with warm-blooded animals, so they are normally found in surface water and in shallow groundwater (less than 20 to 40 feet in depth).

These bacteria are not necessarily pathogenic bacteria that make people sick but are used as standard indicators of the safety of the water. If these bacteria are present, then the conditions are favorable for harmful bacteria to exist. While some people may be unaffected from drinking the water, many have symptoms of stomach and intestinal illness, diarrhea, etc., especially the young, the old and immuno-compromised individuals.

7. What do I do if bacteria are found in my well?

It is recommended to disinfect the well (PDF) by thoroughly chlorinating it and then applying for a re-testing once the chlorine is flushed out. In the meantime, do not use the water for drinking or cooking unless it is first boiled for one minute.

8. What happens if the bacteria return after chlorination?

If you have a return of total coliform bacteria, you can either have the well repaired or install a water treatment system such as a chlorinator or an ultra-violet light system. If fecal coliform bacteria returns, it is recommended to either repair the well or replace it. Disinfection treatment is not considered an acceptable remedy for wells with confirmed fecal coliform Bacteria.

9. How often do I need to disinfect (chlorinate) my well?

Wells are chlorinated to rid them of bacteria contamination. Wells that are properly protected with casings and seals and that are properly constructed only need chlorination when the well and pump is first installed and whenever any repair or maintenance is done. If bacteria continue to return, the well either needs to be repaired, or a continuous disinfection system should be installed.

10. How often should I have my well tested?

Wells drilled after July 2008 are tested within 30 days, although wells drilled before that were tested only on request. After successful initial testing, a properly constructed well would not need re-testing for another 5 or 10 years, however whenever a well has been opened up for repairs or pump replacement, it should be retested. Also, if there are any distinct changes in the water quality, we recommend that water testing be done.

11. My well has a terrible rotten egg (sulfur) smell. What do I do?

These smells are typically caused by sulfur bacteria or sulfate-reducing bacteria. While not harmful, this can be a very unpleasant condition. We recommend to first disinfect the well (PDF) and the water system thoroughly.

Be careful to use a strong enough solution and to make sure the chlorine water gets into every portion of the water pipe system. After flushing out the chlorine, if the smell returns, you may want to apply to our office for a sulfur bacteria sample.

12. I am having problems with the quality of my water (cloudy, red, black, or brown colored, green staining, etc). Where can I find help?

Our office can provide water testing and the testing results. Please feel free to contact us to discuss the results. The Water Quality Association also has an interactive guide for diagnosing water problems.

13. Do I need to get my water tested for pesticides or petroleum products (VOC)?

Pesticide and petroleum product tests can be somewhat expensive and are usually unnecessary unless there is a known source of contaminants, such as an underground oil or gas tank, or if the water has an odor or taste related to these contaminants.

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Health - West Nile Virus

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1. What is West Nile Virus?

West Nile Virus (WNV) is a disease of birds. Mosquitoes are WNV carriers that become infected when they feed on infected birds. Infected mosquitoes can then spread WNV to humans and other animals when they bite. There have been no documented cases of WNV spreading from person to person or animal to person.

2. How is West Nile Virus Spread?

In a very small number of cases, West Nile Virus also has spread through blood transfusions, organ transplants, breastfeeding and even during pregnancy from mother to baby. West Nile Virus is not spread through casual contact such as touching or kissing a person with the virus. Viruses are most likely to be spread during the warm weather months when mosquitoes are most active, usually beginning in the spring and lasting until the first hard frost.

3. What are the symptoms of West Nile Virus?

Most people who are infected with the West Nile virus (WNV) will not have any type of illness. It is estimated that 20% of the people who become infected will develop West Nile fever with mild symptoms, including fever, headache, and body aches, occasionally with a skin rash on the trunk of the body and swollen lymph glands. Incubation is usually 3 to 15 days.

It is estimated that 1 in 150 persons infected with the West Nile virus will develop a more severe form of disease. The symptoms of severe infection (West Nile encephalitis or meningitis) include:

• Coma
• Convulsions
• Disorientation
• Headache
• High fever
• Muscle weakness
• Neck stiffness
• Paralysis
• Stupor
• Tremors

All residents of areas where virus activity has been identified are at risk of getting West Nile encephalitis; persons over 50 years of age have the highest risk of severe disease. It is unknown if immuno-compromised persons are at increased risk for WNV disease.

4. What other diseases do mosquitoes in North Carolina carry?

Mosquitoes can carry Eastern Equine Encephalitis (EEE), a virus of birds usually found in eastern North Carolina. It may cause headache and muscle ache, seizures, coma and death. There is a vaccine to protect horses.

They can also carry LaCross encephalitis (LAC), a virus of small mammals like squirrels and chipmunks usually found in the very western part of the state. LAC usually causes mile flu-like symptoms. Young children may experience seizure and coma.

5. How can I protect myself?

Protect yourself from West Nile and other mosquito-borne illnesses by avoiding mosquito bites. Use clothing and repellents to protect skin. Use common sense - read and follow repellent labels carefully.

Mosquitoes need only a few days and a little water to breed. Eliminate standing water - tip, drip, and drain trapped water. Monitor pet bowls, birdbaths, pools, and other outdoor containers for mosquito breeding.

Dead birds, especially crows, cardinals, blue jays, hawks and other raptors, may be a sign West Nile is present in your community.

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Health - Whooping Cough

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1. What is pertussis?

Pertussis - or whooping cough - is an infection of the respiratory system caused by the bacterium Bordetella pertussis (or B. pertussis). It's characterized by severe coughing spells that end in a "whooping" sound when the person breathes in.

2. Who is most at risk for pertussis?

Babies are most at risk for whooping cough. Each year, many babies are hospitalized for whooping cough and some die.

3. What are the symptoms of pertussis?

The first symptoms of whooping cough are similar to those of a common cold:

• Low-grade fever
• Mild cough
• Runny nose
• Sneezing

After about 1 to 2 weeks, the dry, irritating cough evolves into coughing spells. During a coughing spell, which can last for more than a minute, the child may turn red or purple. At the end of a spell, the child may make a characteristic whooping sound when breathing in or may vomit. Between spells, the child usually feels well.

4. How do I protect my baby from pertussis?

Whooping cough shots safely prevent the disease, but, your new baby is too young to get the shot. To protect your baby, make sure that all caretakers and family members are up-to-date on their whooping cough shots. Protection from the disease and the shots wears off. Make sure anyone 10 years of age or older gets a booster shot, called Tdap, at least two weeks before they have contact with your baby.

5. Why is TdaP for new mothers important?

Babies most often catch whooping cough from a family member. By protecting yourself from the disease, you also protect your baby. New parents should ask their doctor for a Tdap shot. You can get it:

• Before you are pregnant (ideally)
• During pregnancy
• After giving birth

If you have not gotten your Tdap shot yet, get one before leaving the hospital with your new baby. It’s safe to get a Tdap shot while breastfeeding. water can become vaporized.

6. How do I get help for my child?

Call the doctor if you think your child has whooping cough. To make a diagnosis, the doctor will take a medical history, do a thorough physical exam, and take nose and throat mucus samples that will be examined and cultured for B. pertussis bacteria. Blood tests and a chest X-ray may also be done.

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Health- COVID-19 FAQ

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1. What COVID-19 Vaccines are Available?

There are three safe and effective COVID-19 vaccines available in the Unites States. They are:

Pfizer-BioNTech	Moderna	Johnson & Johnson's Janssen
Who Can Get This Vaccine? People 6 months and older	Who Can Get This Vaccine? People 6 months and older	Who Can Get This Vaccine? People 18 years and older
Number of Shots? For adults: 2 shots given 3 weeks (21 days) apart. See chart below for doses for children.	Number of Shots? For adults: 2 shots given 4 weeks (28 days) apart. See chart below for doses for children.	Number of Shots? 1 shot
When Full Vaccinated? 2 weeks after your second shot	When Full Vaccinated? 2 weeks after your second shot	When Full Vaccinated? 2 weeks after your shot
Additional Dose? Recommended for moderately to severely immunocompromised people. Given 4 weeks after second shot.	Additional Dose? Recommended for moderately to severely immunocompromised people. Given 4 weeks after second shot.	Additional Dose? Not recommended at this time
Booster Dose? Recommended for some people who are at higher risk for COVID-19 exposure or severe illness. Given 6 or more months after second shot. Which booster should you get? Any of the COVID-19 vaccines authorized in the Unites States.	Booster Dose? Recommended for some people who are at higher risk for COVID-19 exposure or severe illness. Given 6 or more months after second shot.Which booster should you get? Any of the COVID-19 vaccines authorized in the Unites States.	Booster Dose? Recommended at least 2 months after second shot. Which booster should you get? Any of the COVID-19 vaccines authorized in the Unites States.

2. What ages are eligible to be vaccinated?

CDC recommends that everyone 6 months and older get vaccinated against COVID-19.  Find a vaccine: https://www.vaccines.gov/

• Parents make decisions every day to protect their children, and now COVID-19 vaccines are available to protect all children 6 months and older. 
• COVID-19 vaccination for younger children is a critical opportunity to prevent severe illness, especially among those disproportionately impacted by COVID-19, including those from certain racial and ethnic groups and children with underlying medical conditions, disabilities, or special healthcare needs.  
• Both the Moderna and Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccines have been approved for children ages 6 months through 5 years.  
• The Moderna vaccine for children ages 6 months through 5 years will be a two-dose primary series.  
• The Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine for children ages 6 months through 4 years will be a three-dose primary series.   

Current Guidelines for Children and COVID-19 Vaccination:

3. How do we know COVID-19 vaccines are safe for kids?

Tens of thousands of volunteers were involved in clinical trials for the vaccines. The clinical trials showed that the COVID-19 vaccines are remarkably safe and effective before they got FDA emergency use authorization. Clinical trials are now underway to study whether children as young as six months old could receive COVID-19 mRNA vaccines.

Nearly half of all kids 12- to 17 years old in the U.S. have been fully vaccinated! That's more than 11 million kids who have had both of their doses of COVID-19 vaccine. The vaccines continue to be monitored very closely. In fact, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) say that COVID-19 vaccines will have "the most intensive safety monitoring in U.S. history."

Is there any research showing long-term effects?

Your child may experience some mild or moderate short-term side effects (similar to adults), but there has been no indication that there are any long-term effects from the COVID-19 vaccine, including impacts on fertility. 

Vaccine monitoring has historically shown that side effects generally happen within six weeks of receiving a vaccine dose. For this reason, the FDA required each of the authorized COVID-19 vaccines to be studied for at least two months (eight weeks) after the final dose. Millions of people have received COVID-19 vaccines, and no long-term side effects have been detected.

If you have questions specific to your child, reach out to your medical provider.

4. If the vaccine works for other people, why do kids need it?

Most cases of COVID-19 in children are not severe, but on occasion, COVID-19 can cause serious infections that require hospitalization. In rare instances, it can be life-threatening. 

Children can also spread it to others if they get infected. That’s particularly a worry when they are around people in the higher risk groups, including other family members like grandparents, or caregivers who may have medical conditions. Children can also have long-term effects from the virus, known as long-COVID. 

The more viruses spread, the more chance they have to mutate into more dangerous strains. As a community, the more people that are vaccinated, the safer we will all be and the less chance that new variants of the virus will emerge.

Why do kids need a vaccine with 90% effectiveness for a virus they have a 99% of surviving?

New COVID-19 variants are more dangerous and infectious to children than the original strains. The percentage of children hospitalized with COVID-19 has increased 240% in the U.S. in the last few months.

While COVID-19 may often be milder in children than adults, children can still get very sick and spread it to friends and family, some who are immune-compromised or vulnerable in other ways. Vaccination is the best way to keep kids healthy and safe.

Children who are infected with COVID-19 can develop “Long COVID-19” or persistent symptoms that often include brain fog, fatigue, headaches, dizziness and shortness of breath. 

Children who get infected with COVID-19 are at greater risk for Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome (MIS-C). MIS-C is a condition where different body parts can become inflamed, including the heart, lungs, kidneys, brain, skin, eyes, or gastrointestinal organs.

5. I have already had COVID-19. Do I still need to get vaccinated?

Yes, you should be vaccinated regardless of whether you already had COVID-19 because, even though you will have some immunity after you have recovered, it estimated that it only lasts a few months. Also the COVID-19 virus mutates constantly creating new variants, like the Delta or the Omicron variant. That means that the COVID-19 you have recovered from may not be the variant that is circulating in your community currently.

A new CDC study published recently found that unvaccinated people who’d recovered from Covid were five times as likely to catch it again, compared to people who got two doses of an mRNA vaccine from Pfizer or Moderna.

According to the study vaccine-induced immunity against Covid is more protective, robust and consistent than natural immunity. In other words, a vaccine will protect you significantly more against getting Covid again, a particular concern as new mutations develop.

The CDC's Official Recommendations:

The CDC currently recommends that people get vaccinated against COVID-19, even if they've had the virus. There are some things to keep in mind though:

• The CDC recommends waiting 90 days before getting a COVID-19 vaccine if you received a monoclonal antibody or convalescent plasma treatment when you had the virus. 
• If you have a history of multi system inflammatory syndrome in adults (MIS-A) or children (MIS-C), the CDC also recommends delaying the vaccine until you've recovered and it has been 90 days since you were diagnoses. 

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/media/releases/2021/s1029-Vaccination-Offers-Higher-Protection.html

6. Who should get a COVID-19 booster shot?

Please refer to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention's website to determine if you are eligible for a booster shot: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/stay-up-to-date.html#:~:text=When%20Are%20You%20Up%20to,Your%20age

Scheduling Your Booster Shot

Booster doses of all three COVID-19 vaccines are free and widely available at a variety of locations. Community members should visit vaccines.gov or call (919) 913-8088 to find and schedule an appointment.

When Are You Up to Date?

You are up to date with your COVID-19 vaccines if you have completed a COVID-19 vaccine primary series and received the most recent booster dose recommended for you by CDC.

COVID-19 vaccine recommendations are based on three things:

1. Your age
2. The vaccine you first received, and
3. The length of time since your last dose

People who are moderately or severely immunocompromised have different recommendations for COVID-19 vaccines.

You are still up to date if you receive all COVID-19 vaccine doses recommended for you and then become ill with COVID-19. You do not need to be immediately revaccinated or receive an additional booster.

7. I am immunocompromised. Do I need an additional shot?

A small percentage of community members need an additional dose of their primary series in order to reach full immunity.

• People with moderately to severely compromised immune systems are especially vulnerable to COVID-19, and may not build the same level of immunity to 2-dose vaccine series compared to people who are not immunocompromised.
• CDC recommends that people with moderately to severely compromised immune systems receive an additional dose of mRNA COVID-19 vaccine at least 28 days after a second dose of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccineor Moderna COVID-19 Vaccine.
• This additional dose is intended to improve immunocompromised people’s response to their initial vaccine series
• An additional dose is different from a booster shot. READ MORE about the difference between the two. 

NEW AS OF FEBRUARY 2022:

1. NEW: People who initiated vaccination with Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen COVID-19 vaccine should receive a total of 3 doses: 1 Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen dose, followed by 1 additional mRNA dose at least 28 days later, then 1 booster dose at least 2 months after the 2nd (additional) dose. mRNA vaccines are preferred for the booster.
    
2. NEW: People who received a 3-dose mRNA COVID-19 vaccination series should receive the booster dose 3 months after the primary series (instead of 5 months after the primary series).
    
3. CLARIFY: CDC clarified existing guidance to confirm that those who previously received mRNA COVID-19 vaccines (Pfizer-BioNTech or Moderna) should receive a total of 4 doses: a primary series of 3 doses of an mRNA vaccine, plus 1 booster dose of an mRNA vaccine (4th dose).

8. How do the COVID-19 vaccines work?

COVID-19 vaccines help our bodies develop immunity to the virus that causes COVID-19 without us having to get the illness. When you get the vaccine, your immune system makes antibodies and other infection-fighting cells that protect you in case you are infected with the virus.

Watch a short video to learn how vaccines fight COVID-19.

9. Will the vaccines cause side effects?

COVID-19 vaccination will help protect you from getting COVID-19. You may have some side effects, which are normal signs that your body is building protection. These side effects may affect your ability to do daily activities, but they should go away in a few days. Some people have no side effects.

Serious side effects that could cause a long-term health problem are extremely unlikely following any vaccination, including COVID-19 vaccination. Vaccine monitoring has historically shown that side effects generally happen within six weeks of receiving a vaccine dose. For this reason, the FDA required each of the authorized COVID-19 vaccines to be studied for at least two months (eight weeks) after the final dose.

COMMON SIDE EFFECTS:

PDF from CDC: What to Expect After Getting a COVID-19 vaccine

10. How were the COVID-19 vaccines produced so quickly?

Usually, vaccine testing and production are done in multiple, time-consuming, separate steps over several years. Because of the pandemic, the federal government provided special funding to vaccine researchers and manufacturers to allow development, testing and production to happen at the same time. No steps are skipped but the timeline for development can go faster.

Vaccines that have been authorized from Pfizer and Moderna are mRNA vaccines. mRNA vaccine technology has been studied and worked with for decades. Interest has grown in these vaccines because they can be developed in a laboratory using readily available materials. This means the process can be standardized and scaled up, making vaccine development faster than traditional methods of making vaccines.

The Johnson & Johnson vaccine is a viral vector vaccine, a technology first created in the 1970s. For decades, hundreds of scientific studies of viral vector vaccines have been done around the world. They have been used against other infectious diseases like Ebola, Zika, flu and HIV. 

When a vaccine is authorized by EUA, volunteers who get the COVID-19 vaccine are monitored for a shorter time than with the traditional vaccine approval process. Testing for any COVID-19 vaccine involves thousands of volunteers, and at least half of the volunteers are followed for at least 2 months after their last vaccine dose (rather than the 6 or more months in a traditional process). However, by two months, most side effects from vaccines are expected to surface. 

It is possible that rare side effects may only be seen when millions of people are vaccinated. For this reason, the safety of COVID-19 vaccines will continue to be monitored after they are given.

11. Can I get COVID-19 from these vaccines?

No. None of the authorized COVID-19 vaccines in the United States contain the live virus that causes COVID-19. This means that a COVID-19 vaccine cannot make you sick with COVID-19.

COVID-19 vaccines teach our immune systems how to recognize and fight the virus that causes COVID-19. Sometimes this process can cause symptoms, such as fever. These symptoms are normal and are signs that the body is building protection against the virus that causes COVID-19. Learn more about how COVID-19 vaccines work.

12. Can receiving a COVID-19 vaccine cause you to be magnetic?

No. Receiving a COVID-19 vaccine will not make you magnetic, including at the site of vaccination which is usually your arm. COVID-19 vaccines do not contain ingredients that can produce an electromagnetic field at the site of your injection. All COVID-19 vaccines are free from metals.

Learn more about the ingredients in the COVID-19 vaccinations authorized for use in the United States.

13. Do COVID-19 vaccines contain microchips?

No. COVID-19 vaccines do not contain microchips. Vaccines are developed to fight against disease and are not administered to track your movement. Vaccines work by stimulating your immune system to produce antibodies, exactly like it would if you were exposed to the disease. After getting vaccinated, you develop immunity to that disease, without having to get the disease first.

Learn more about the ingredients in the COVID-19 vaccinations authorized for use in the United States.

Learn more about how mRNA COVID-19 vaccines work.

14. Can the COVID-19 vaccine alter my DNA?

No. COVID-19 vaccines do not change or interact with your DNA in any way. Both mRNA and viral vector COVID-19 vaccines deliver instructions (genetic material) to our cells to start building protection against the virus that causes COVID-19. However, the material never enters the nucleus of the cell, which is where our DNA is kept.

Learn more about mRNA and viral vector COVID-19 vaccines.

15. Is it safe for me to get the COVID-19 vaccine if I would like to have a baby one day?

Yes. COVID-19 vaccination is recommended for everyone 5 years of age or older, including people who are trying to get pregnant now or might become pregnant in the future, as well as their partners.

Currently no evidence shows that any vaccines, including COVID-19 vaccines, cause fertility problems (problems trying to get pregnant) in women or men. Learn more about COVID-19 vaccines and people who would like to have a baby.

"Unfounded claims linking COVID-19 vaccines to infertility have been scientifically disproven," the American Academy of Pediatrics -- which represents doctors who specialize in treating children -- says in a statement on its website.

"There is no evidence that the vaccine can lead to loss of fertility. While fertility was not specifically studied in the clinical trials of the vaccine, no loss of fertility has been reported among trial participants or among the millions who have received the vaccines since their authorization, and no signs of infertility appeared in animal studies," it adds.

16. Will getting a COVID-19 vaccine cause me to test positive for COVID-19 on a viral test?

No. None of the authorized and recommended COVID-19 vaccines cause you to test positive on viral tests, which are used to see if you have a current infection.

If your body develops an immune response to vaccination, which is the goal, you may test positive on some antibody tests. Antibody tests indicate you had a previous infection and that you may have some level of protection against the virus.

Learn more about the possibility of COVID-19 illness after vaccination

17. What can you do once you are fully vaccinated?

COVID-19 vaccines are effective at protecting you from getting sick. Based on what we know about COVID-19 vaccines, people who have been fully vaccinated can do things that they had stopped doing because of the pandemic.

These recommendations can help you make decisions about daily activities after you are fully vaccinated. They are not intended for healthcare settings.

In general, people are considered fully vaccinated: ±

• 2 weeks after their second dose in a 2-dose series, such as the Pfizer or Moderna vaccines, or
• 2 weeks after a single-dose vaccine, such as Johnson & Johnson’s Janssen vaccine

If you don’t meet these requirements, regardless of your age, you are NOT fully vaccinated. Keep taking all precautions until you are fully vaccinated.

If you’ve been fully vaccinated:

You can resume activities that you did prior to the pandemic.

• To reduce the risk of being infected with the Delta variant and possibly spreading it to others, wear a mask indoors in public if you are in an area of substantial or high transmission.
• You might choose to wear a mask regardless of the level of transmission if you have a weakened immune system or if, because of your age or an underlying medical condition, you are at increased risk for severe disease, or if a member of your household has a weakened immune system, is at increased risk for severe disease, or is unvaccinated.

• READ MORE: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/vaccines/fully-vaccinated.html

18. I missed my 2nd shot of the mRNA vaccine. What should I do?

The first does of an mRNA vaccines (Pfizer or Moderna) only partially protects you. The second dose is needed to get the maximum immunity to protect yourself from severe illness. It is never too late to get the second shot! For more information, call 919-245-2400.

19. I lost my vaccine card. How can I get a new one?

You may either call 919-245-2400 or visit https://covid19.ncdhhs.gov/covid-19-vaccine-portal-residents to get a new copy. 
PDF: Accessing Your COVID-19 Vaccine Record, English, Spanish

If you lost your vaccine card, you may not be able to get an exact duplicate paper card, but there are still ways to show proof of vaccination. Printed or digital versions of your proof of vaccination serve as valid replacements for your misplaced vaccine card, according to the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services. The NCDHHS said that the following options should, in most cases, serve as valid replacements for the physical paper card:

• A digital photo of your CDC Vaccination Record card 
• Printed and/or digital versions of your vaccine information from your provider’s record 
• Printed versions of your vaccine information from the NC Immunization Registry

Note: If you were vaccinated at a national chain pharmacy, like Walgreens, CVS or Costco, you should contact that provider directly. If you received doses through an NC hospital network or at a health department event, you can use a portal to access your vaccine information.

20. How do I host a COVID-19 vaccine event?

Please fill out the Orange County Vaccination Event Request form: https://www.orangecountync.gov/FormCenter/Health-6-6/Orange-County-Vaccination-Event-Request-272-272

21. What is the difference between quarantine and isolation?

Quarantine is when you have been exposed to the virus and may or may not be infected AND you do not have any symptoms.

Isolation is when you are sick or when you have been infected with the virus, even if you don’t have symptoms. Isolation separates people who are infected with the virus from others, even in their own home. When in isolation / quarantine you should:

• Stay in a separate room from other members of your household, if possible.
• Use a separate bathroom from other members of your household, if possible.
• Clean your hands often. Wash your hands with soap and water, or use hand sanitizer if soap and water aren’t available.
• Don’t share personal household items, such as towels, bedding, cups and utensils.
• Wear a well-fitting mask, especially when you need to be around other people in your house.

READ MORE: https://www.orangecountync.gov/DocumentCenter/View/18833/isolation_quarantine_jan_2022-social-media-cards

This INFOGRAPHIC is a visual guide to isolation/ quarantine guidance.

22. If I test positive for COVID-19, what should I do?

If you test positive for COVID-19, you should isolate.

This applies to everyone, regardless of vaccination status.

You should:

• Stay home for 5 days.
• If you have no symptoms or your symptoms are resolving after 5 days, you may leave your house. You should continue to isolate until you are fever free for

24 hours without taking any fever reducing medications.

• Continue to wear a mask around others for 5 additional days.
• If you have a fever, continue to isolate.

It should be noted that certain settings such as health care, long-term care facilities and congregant living have different guidance.

Learn more from the CDC website:

www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/your-health/quarantine-isolation.html

READ MORE: https://www.orangecountync.gov/DocumentCenter/View/18833/isolation_quarantine_jan_2022-social-media-cards

Treat “Day Zero” as the first day you experienced symptoms.

If you received a positive test but are asymptomatic, treat “Day Zero” as the day you tested positive.

• “Day One” of isolation is the first full day after you exhibited symptoms, or the first full day after you tested positive for asymptomatic people.
• You can leave isolation after five full days.

For example: If you have tested positive for COVID and experienced symptoms for the first time on a Sunday, Sunday is your Day Zero.

Monday would be your Day One.

Friday would be your fifth full day of isolation, and you could leave isolation after completing the fifth day.

If you were exposed to someone with COVID-19 (quarantine) …

AND you are up to date on vaccination

and have no symptoms, the guidance says:

If you have been boosted

OR

Have completed the primary series of Pfizer or Moderna vaccine within the last 5 months

OR

Completed the primary series of J&J vaccine within the last 2 months

You should:

• Wear a mask around others for 10 days.
• Test on day 5, if possible.

If you develop symptoms get a test and stay home.

If you were exposed to someone with COVID-19 (quarantine) … 

AND are NOT UP TO DATE on your vaccination (see below for definition) or are unvaccinated the guidance says:

If you completed the primary series of Pfizer or Moderna vaccine over 5 months ago and are not boosted

OR

Completed the primary series of J&J over 2 months ago and are not boosted

OR

Are unvaccinated

You should:

• Stay home for 5 days. After that continue to wear a mask around others for 5 additional days.
• If you can’t quarantine you must wear a mask for 10 days.
• Test on day 5 if possible.

If you develop symptoms get a test and stay home.

If you are immunocompromised, please speak with your medical provider to determine if you are up to date on your COVID-19 vaccination.

When can I leave isolation if I had COVID-19 symptoms? 

If you tested positive for COVID and had symptoms, you can leave isolation after five full days if you meet the criteria below:

• If you are fever-free for 24 hours without the use of fever-reducing medication and your other symptoms have improved, you can end isolation after your fifth full day. The loss of taste and smell may last for months after your diagnosis, so you do not need to wait for those symptoms to subside before ending your 5-day isolation.
• If you continue to have a fever or your other symptoms have not improved after five full days of isolation, you should wait to end your isolation until you are fever free for 24 hours without the use of fever-reducing medication and your other symptoms have improved.

After ending your isolation, you should still wear a well-fitting mask around others in your home and in public. If you cannot wear a mask around others or in public, you should isolate for a full 10 days.

23. If I was exposed to someone with COVID-19, what should I do?

If you were exposed to someone with COVID-19 (quarantine) …

AND you are up to date on vaccination

and have no symptoms, the guidance says:

If you have been boosted

OR

Have completed the primary series of Pfizer or Moderna vaccine within the last 5 months

OR

Completed the primary series of J&J vaccine within the last 2 months

You should:

• Wear a mask around others for 10 days.
• Test on day 5, if possible.

If you develop symptoms get a test and stay home.

If you were exposed to someone with COVID-19 (quarantine) … 

AND are NOT UP TO DATE on your vaccination (see below for definition) or are unvaccinated the guidance says:

If you completed the primary series of Pfizer or Moderna vaccine over 5 months ago and are not boosted

OR

Completed the primary series of J&J over 2 months ago and are not boosted

OR

Are unvaccinated

You should:

• Stay home for 5 days. After that continue to wear a mask around others for 5 additional days.
• If you can’t quarantine you must wear a mask for 10 days.
• Test on day 5 if possible.

If you develop symptoms get a test and stay home.

If you are immunocompromised, please speak with your medical provider to determine if you are up to date on your COVID-19 vaccination.

When can I leave isolation if I had COVID-19 symptoms?

If you tested positive for COVID and had symptoms, you can leave isolation after five full days if you meet the criteria below:

• If you are fever-free for 24 hours without the use of fever-reducing medication and your other symptoms have improved, you can end isolation after your fifth full day. The loss of taste and smell may last for months after your diagnosis, so you do not need to wait for those symptoms to subside before ending your 5-day isolation.
• If you continue to have a fever or your other symptoms have not improved after five full days of isolation, you should wait to end your isolation until you are fever free for 24 hours without the use of fever-reducing medication and your other symptoms have improved.

After ending your isolation, you should still wear a well-fitting mask around others in your home and in public. If you cannot wear a mask around others or in public, you should isolate for a full 10 days.

READ MORE: https://www.orangecountync.gov/DocumentCenter/View/18833/isolation_quarantine_jan_2022-social-media-cards

24. When can I leave isolation if I had COVID-19 symptoms?

If you tested positive for COVID and had symptoms, you can leave isolation after five full days if you meet the criteria below:

• If you are fever-free for 24 hours without the use of fever-reducing medication and your other symptoms have improved, you can end isolation after your fifth full day. The loss of taste and smell may last for months after your diagnosis, so you do not need to wait for those symptoms to subside before ending your 5-day isolation.
• If you continue to have a fever or your other symptoms have not improved after five full days of isolation, you should wait to end your isolation until you are fever free for 24 hours without the use of fever-reducing medication and your other symptoms have improved.

After ending your isolation, you should still wear a well-fitting mask around others in your home and in public. If you cannot wear a mask around others or in public, you should isolate for a full 10 days.

Read more: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/your-health/quarantine-isolation.html

25. One or more health conditions increase the risk of getting very sick with COVID-19. What are those conditions?

If you test positive for COVID-19 and have one or more health conditions that increase your risk of becoming very sick, treatment may be available. Contact a health professional right away after a positive test to determine if you may be eligible, even if your symptoms are mild right now. Don’t delay: Treatment must be started within the first few days to be effective.

Source: https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/people-with-medical-conditions.html

Medical Conditions

• The conditions on this list are in alphabetical order. They are not in order of risk.
• CDC completed a review for each medical condition on this list. This was done to ensure that these conditions met criteria for inclusion on this list. CDC conducts ongoing reviews of additional underlying conditions. If other medical conditions have enough evidence, they might be added to the list.
• Because we are learning more about COVID-19 every day, this list does not include all medical conditions that place a person at higher risk of severe illness from COVID-19. Rare medical conditions, including many conditions that mostly affect children, may not be included on the list below. We will update the list as we learn more.
• A person with a condition that is not listed may still be at greater risk of getting very sick from COVID-19 than other people who do not have the condition. It is important that you talk with your healthcare professional about your risk.

Cancer

Having cancer can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19. Treatments for many types of cancer can weaken your body’s ability to fight off disease. At this time, based on available studies, having a history of cancer may increase your risk.

Get more information:

• Cancer
• COVID-19: What People with Cancer Should Know – National Cancer Instituteexternal icon

Chronic kidney disease

Having chronic kidney disease of any stage can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19.

Get more information:

• Chronic kidney disease
• National Kidney Foundation: Kidney disease and COVID-19external icon

Chronic liver disease

Having chronic liver disease can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19. Chronic liver disease can include alcohol-related liver disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, autoimmune hepatitis, and cirrhosis (or scarring of the liver).

Get more information:

• Liver Diseaseexternal icon
• American Liver Foundation: Your Liver & COVID-19external icon

Chronic lung diseases

Having a chronic lung disease can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19. Chronic lung diseases can include:

• Asthma, if it’s moderate to severe
• Bronchiectasis (thickening of the lungs’ airways)
• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (chronic lung disease affecting newborns)
• Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), including emphysema and chronic bronchitis
• Having damaged or scarred lung tissue known as interstitial lung disease (including idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis)
• Pulmonary embolism (blood clot in the lungs)
• Pulmonary hypertension (high blood pressure in the lungs)

Get more information:

• COPD
• Asthma
• People with Moderate to Severe Asthma
• American Lung Association: Controlling Chronic Lung Diseases Amid COVID-19 external icon

Cystic Fibrosis

Having cystic fibrosis, with or without lung or other solid organ transplant (like kidney, liver, intestines, heart, and pancreas) can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19.

Get more information:

• Cystic Fibrosis
• CF and Coronavirus (COVID-19) | Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (cff.org)external icon

Dementia or other neurological conditions

Having neurological conditions, such as dementia, can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19.

Get more information:

• Dementia
• Alzheimer’s Association: COVID-19, Alzheimer’s and Dementia external icon

Diabetes (type 1 or type 2)

Having either type 1 or type 2 diabetes can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19.

Get more information:

• Diabetes
• American Diabetes Association: How COVID-19 Impacts People with Diabetesexternal icon

Disabilities

People with some types of disabilities may be more likely to get very sick from COVID-19 because of underlying medical conditions, living in congregate settings, or systemic health and social inequities, including:

• People with any type of disability that makes it more difficult to do certain activities or interact with the world around them, including people who need help with self-care or daily activities
• People with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
• People with cerebral palsy
• People with birth defects
• People with intellectual and developmental disabilities
• People with learning disabilities
• People with spinal cord injuriesexternal icon
• People with Down syndrome

Get more information:

• People with Disabilities | COVID-19

Heart conditions

Having heart conditions such as heart failure, coronary artery disease, cardiomyopathies, and possibly high blood pressure (hypertension) can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19.

Get more information:

• Heart Disease
• American Heart Association: COVID-19external icon
• NHLBI Information & Resources on COVID-19external icon

HIV infection

Having HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19.

Get more information:

• HIV Infection
• Interim Guidance for COVID-19 and Persons with HIVexternal icon

Immunocompromised state (weakened immune system)

Some people are immunocompromised or have a weakened immune system. For example, people on chemotherapy or who have had a solid organ transplant, like a kidney transplant or heart transplant. Being immunocompromised can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19. Many conditions and treatments can cause a person to be immunocompromised or have a weakened immune system. For example, some people inherit problems with their immune system. One example is called Primary immunodeficiency. Other people have to use certain types of medicines for a long time, like corticosteroids, that weaken their immune system. Such long-term uses can lead to secondary or acquired immunodeficiency.

People who are immunocompromised or are taking medicines that weaken their immune system may not be protected even if they are up to date on their vaccines. They should continue to take all precautions recommended for people who are not vaccinated people, including wearing a well-fitting mask, until advised otherwise by their healthcare professionals.

After completing the primary series, some moderately or severely immunocompromised people should get an additional primary shot.

Everyone 12 years and older, including immunocompromised people, should get a booster shot. If you are eligible for an additional primary shot, you should get this dose first before you get a booster shot.

Get more information:

• Types of Primary Immune Deficiency Diseasesexternal icon
• Jeffrey Modell Foundationexternal icon
• Immune Deficiency Foundationexternal icon
• Primary Immunodeficiency (PI)

Mental health conditions

Having mood disorders, including depression, and schizophrenia spectrum disorders can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19.

Get more information:

• National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Shareable Resources on Coping with COVID-19external icon
• National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) Depressionexternal icon
• Mood Disordersexternal icon

Overweight and obesity

Overweight (defined as a body mass index (BMI) is 25 kg/m² or higher, but under 30 kg/m²), obesity (BMI is  30 kg/m² or higher, but under 40 kg/m²), or severe obesity (BMI is  40 kg/m² or higher), can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19. The risk of severe COVID-19 illness increases sharply with higher BMI.

Get more information:

• Overweight & Obesity | CDC
• Obesity, Race/Ethnicity, and COVID-19
• Obesity Action Coalition: COVID-19 and Obesityexternal icon

Physical inactivity

People who do little or no physical activity, or exercise, are more likely to get very sick from COVID-19 than those who are physically active. Being physically active (or exercising regularly) is important to being healthy. Get more information on physical activity and health, physical activity recommendations, how to become more active, and how to create activity-friendly communities:

• Physical Activity
• Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, 2nd editionexternal icon
• Move Your Way^®external icon
• Active People, Healthy Nation ^SM: Strategies to Increase Physical Activity
• National Center on Health, Physical Activity and Disability – Building Healthy Inclusive Communitiesexternal icon

Pregnancy

Pregnant and recently pregnant people (for at least 42 days following end of pregnancy) are more likely to get very sick from COVID-19 compared with non-pregnant people.

Get more information:

• Pregnant and Recently Pregnant People
• Toolkit for Pregnant People and New Parents
• Investigating the Impact of COVID-19 during Pregnancy

Sickle cell disease or thalassemia

Having hemoglobin blood disorders like sickle cell disease (SCD) or thalassemia can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19.

Get more information:

• Sickle Cell Disease
• Thalassemia

Smoking, current or former

Being a current or former cigarette smoker can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19. If you currently smoke, quit. If you used to smoke, don’t start again. If you’ve never smoked, don’t start.

Get more information:

• Smoking & Tobacco Use
• Tips From Former Smokers
• Health Benefits of Quitting Smoking

Solid organ or blood stem cell transplant

Having had a solid organ or blood stem cell transplant, which includes bone marrow transplants, can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19.

Get more information:

• Transplant Safety
• COVID-19 Resources for Transplant Communityexternal icon

Stroke or cerebrovascular disease, which affects blood flow to the brain

Having cerebrovascular disease, such as having a stroke, can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19.

Get more information:

• Stroke
• COVID19 Stroke Podcast Series for Patients and Caregivers external icon

Substance use disorders

Having a substance use disorder (such as alcohol, opioid, or cocaine use disorder) can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19.

Get more information:

• How to Recognize a Substance Use Disorderexternal icon
• Drug Overdose

Tuberculosis

Having tuberculosis can make you more likely to get very sick from COVID-19.

Get more information:

• Basic TB Facts
• Public Health Emergencies

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Housing - OCHPC

Show All Answers

1. What sorts of services do OCHPC organizations provide?

• The most common services we provide are:
  • Ramps
  • Grab Bars
  • Railings
  • Other Accessibility modifications
  • HVAC repairs
  • Weatherization
  • Flooring Repairs
  • Plumbing Repairs
  • Roof Repairs/Replacements
  • Other minor home repairs
• With the breadth of organizations in the OCHPC, your home repair or modification needs most likely fall within the scope of one or more of our partners.

2. Who is eligible for services through the OCHPC?

• Orange County Resident
• Homeowners (only Weatherization and HVAC are available to renters)
• Each organization has varying and complex eligibility criteria related to age, income, disability status, and size of repair. Please read through the next question’s information to get a better understanding of what may limit which of the OCHPC organizations can serve you.
• However, part of the reason we exist is to prevent you from having to figure out which organization is best for you to apply for. So, if you are an Orange County residents and need repairs, please reach out and we will work with you to navigate these eligibility criteria.

3. What factors might limit which organizations can provide services to me?

• Renting: Only Central Piedmont Community Action Inc. can work with landlords to negotiate assistance with some weatherization and HVAC repairs for rental properties. Otherwise, no other organization in the OCHPC can serve renters. This does not include people who own a mobile home but rent a lot, however this does also limit some organizations from being able to serve you.
• Income: Your income may limit which organizations can serve you. Some organizations do not have income requirements – usually those focused on people 55 years or older; these organizations usually cannot complete larger scale projects.
• Size of Repair: Organizations have varying capacities to complete larger repairs or modifications. Therefore, sometimes you may not qualify for the organization who can complete that size of repair.
• Age and Disability Status: If you are above 55 years old or have a legal disability status, you may be eligible for some programs. For organizations that have them, age requirements range from 55 - 62 years old.
• Funding: While you may fit the eligibility criteria for an organization to complete your repairs or modifications, sometimes it takes time for funding to be available to complete the project. This may slow the process of receiving repairs.

4. How can I receive services from OCHPC organizations?

• We have a no wrong door policy, so you can contact any of the above partners to learn more and fill out an initial screening application for the coalition. This screening helps us know which organizations within the coalition may be eligible to serve you.
• You can also fill out the PDF version of the screening here and email it to ochpc@orangecountync.gov or print, fill out, and send to Rebuilding Together of the Triangle (mailing address on forms).

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Housing-OC-LRSP Applicant Portal FAQ

Show All Answers

1. What is the Applicant Portal?

The Orange County Housing Authority has implemented the Applicant Portal as a secure, web-based tool for applicants to access, update, and view their Wait List information as supplied through a pre-application. The Applicant Portal is accessible at https://orangecountync.myhousing.com/Account/Login.

2. How do I create an account?

First select “Register” from the Applicant Portal home page. Enter applicant’s First Initial, Last Name, and Date of Birth - then click the Continue button. If successful, you will be prompted to enter the applicant’s Confirmation ID #. Fill in all of the required information – email address, password, and preferred language. If successful, the screen will display “Registration Complete!”

3. What if I receive an error message?

Please follow instructions that are displayed to correct any issues.

4. How do I reset or change my password?

To reset your password select the “Forgot Password” link on the Applicant Portal home page. Enter either your username or email address, encryption code, and then select “Send Password”.  A new password will be sent to the email address on file.

Your password can be changed at any time. Log into your Applicant Portal account and select “Change Password” from the menu at the top of the screen. Enter your old password followed by your new password twice and click “Save”. Your password reset will take effect immediately.

5. I know my password but I cannot login, what do I do?

If you are having this issue, there is a good chance that you have been locked out of your account. The Applicant Portal will automatically lock the account after five (5) failed log-in attempts. To unlock your account, please email the Housing Authority at OCHAWaitingListInquiries@orangecountync.gov.

6. How do I update my email address in the Applicant Portal?

You can change your email address at any time. Log into your Applicant Portal account and select “Change Email” from the menu at the top of the screen. Enter your new email address twice and click “Save”. Your email address change will take effect immediately.

7. How do I know what position I am on the Wait List?

After logging in to the Applicant Portal, select “My Waiting List” from the menu of the left. You will see information for each Wait List you are currently on and the position number by bedroom size for each.

8. How do I know what preferences I have assigned to my application?

After logging in to the Applicant Portal, select “My Waiting List” from the menu on the left. There is a small magnifying glass/icon to the left of each Wait List. Click on this image to see the preferences applied to each Wait List. If no preferences are applied, the screen will say “No records to display”.

9. How will I know when I am drawn from the Wait List?

When your name has reached the top of one of the Wait List, you will receive a letter via email or mail informing you of this event. It is critical you keep your email and mailing address current. Correspondence that is returned to OCHA marked as “unknown”, “return to sender”, “forwarding address unknown”, or “no such address” will result in an applicant’s removal from the prospective Waiting List.

10. How do I update or change my information?

After logging in to the Applicant Portal, select “Create Request” from the menu on the left. Then select the type of request you would like to make from the drop down menu. The form will display on the screen. Complete the form and click “Save”. Your request should be completed.

The following changes can be made in the Applicant Portal:

• Change mailing address
• Change phone number
• Remove from Wait List

Please allow up to twenty-four (24) hours for the system to reflect any changes that you make.

11. How do I check the status of a request?

After logging in to the Applicant Portal, select “View Requests” from the menu on the left.

12. When I try to change my personal information, nothing happens.

If you are having this issue, it is likely that your computer is blocking the pop-up window. To work around this, select “Create Request” from the menu on the left. Then select the type of request you would like to make from the drop down menu. The form will display on the screen. Complete the form and click “Save”. Your request should be completed.

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Housing-OC-LRSP Waiting List

Show All Answers

1. If I am placed on the Wait List through the lottery what do I do next?

You will receive a letter indicating you were selected to be placed on the OC-LRSP Waiting List. Prospects are required to update all address changes via the OCHA   Applicant Portal. Prospects are also required to respond to requests from OCHA to update information on their application. Failure to respond by the specified deadline will result in withdrawal of the application without further notice. Therefore, it is very important that prospects access and check the OCHA Applicant Portal regularly.

All contact made with prospects will be by mail or email. If the prospect fails to have his/her mail forwarded, and there are no address changes on file with the local post office, the OCHA may withdraw the prospect’s name from the Waiting List if there is no response within 10 days.

The prospect will be notified in writing that they have reached the top of the Waiting List. At this time, the prospect will be required to provide information on their income and family composition to verify their eligibility for the program.  Note that the initial selection process will not begin until mid-to-late August 2019.

2. How do I know if I am selected to be on the Waiting List?

Those selected through the lottery will be notified by mail and/or email from OCHA.  Status information will only be provided online at https://orangecountync.myhousing.com/Account/Login. Please do not call OCHA for status information. If your legal or mailing address changes, you must update via the OCHA Applicant Portal. 

3. How long do I have to wait for an eligibility appointment if I am selected from the Waiting List?

There are several factors that influence how long a prospect may have to wait:

1. Your placement on the Waiting List – Based on an individual’s placement position on the Waiting List and the preferences he or she chose determines whether the individual is selected from the Waiting List.
2. Funding availability - The OCHA receives specific funding for our program vouchers.

The OC-LRSP vouchers are based on the funding that is approved annually by the Board of County Commissioners. For the Fiscal Year 2019, the OC-LRSP was approved for up to fifteen (15) housing vouchers. Note that once the fifteen (15) vouchers have been utilized, OCHA can only offer housing assistance under the OC-LRSP when someone voluntarily or involuntarily leaves the program unless additional County funds are approved.

The Housing Choice Voucher Program receives a specific number of vouchers from the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD). Currently, HUD is not issuing new vouchers to OCHA or other Public Housing Authorities for the Housing Choice Voucher (HCV) Program.

The OC-LRSP is NOT the same program as the HCV Program.  Each program has a separate Waiting List and now both Lists are closed.

4. What if I am not selected by lottery to be placed on the OCHA’s Waiting Lists?

If you were not selected to be placed on any of OCHA's Waiting Lists, you may reapply when the Waiting Lists are open in the future.

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Human Resources

Show All Answers

1. How do I apply for a position?

Go to the Applicant Login page and follow the instructions for creating an applicant account. You can now apply for jobs online.

2. How can I get a listing of the current openings?

All opened positions are posted on the website on the Job Opportunities page. You can also hear a listing of our current openings by calling the Orange County Job Information Line.

3. What is the application process?

Applications are accepted for open positions only. Applications must be submitted by the deadline noted on the posting (eastern time zone). Once the closing date is over, all applications received will be screened based on minimum qualifications and placed on an eligible ranking list. A referral list of candidates is sent to the hiring department. The hiring department will determine who should be invited to an interview for the position and conduct interviews. 

Candidates being offered an interview may not be contacted immediately following the closing date. Simply fulfilling the minimum requirements for a position does not ensure an interview. Orange County reserves the right to re-advertise positions or to delay or cancel the filling of a position. If you need special assistance, in any way, in the employment process, please contact us.

To check on recruitment status, login into your account. If the status is not posted within two weeks of the closing date, feel free to contact us.

4. What benefits does Orange County offer?

OC Benefits

5. Is there a waiting list for positions that you do not have posted on the Job Opportunities list?

No, Orange County does not have a waiting list for positions; however, if you are interested in a position that is not advertised, you may complete a Job Interest Card for a particular position. For the next 12 months after you submit this form, you will receive an email notification each time a position opens with Orange County, North Carolina whose category matches one of the categories you've chosen.

6. Can I submit a paper application instead of applying online?

No, applications are only accepted online through NeoGov, the human resources software Orange County uses for hiring. A resume may not be submitted in lieu of an application, but may be included to supplement the application. Please read the position advertisement carefully to be sure your background meets the requirements of the position. On your application, show your specific qualifications that relate to the position.

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Information Technologies

Show All Answers

1. How can I find out more about the Orange County Broadband Initiative?

To find out more about the Orange County Broadband Initiative Click here.

2. How can the public get assistance with the Orange County website?

The Orange County website has been designed using technologies that ensure it is accessible to a wide variety of residents using a wide range of technologies. If there is an issue concerning the Orange County website, please email the IT Help Desk or the Chief Information Officer, or call 919-245-2280.

3. How can the public obtain information about current events?

See the County's Home page for the latest News Releases and the Calendar of Events.

You may contact the Community Relations Department by email or phone (919-245-2302) to learn about current activities within the County. The office of Information Technologies, however, deals with computing infrastructure.

4. How can vendors alert Information Technologies to new products and technologies?

The Information Technology department is always eager to learn about new products and technologies. However, with the sheer volume of unsolicited sales calls, we prefer vendors to contact us by email, rather than by telephone or unscheduled visits, so that we may peruse these offerings more effectively.

5. What information is considered public record?

The public is entitled to access County information as specified by the North Carolina General Statute GS 132-1, under conditions specified by North Carolina General Statute GS 132-6 with exceptions for:

• county personnel records
• basic social service records
• medical and patient records
• specific attorney client records
• specific law enforcement records
• specified records concerning industrial development
• and others as specified by the North Carolina General Statutes

6. How can the public obtain copies of public information?

Orange County Information Technologies does not directly handle these requests. Typically, the department that serves as steward of the information in question handles the request and engages Information Technologies to fulfill it. Please contact the department that collects and maintains that information to request access to it.

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Library - Book Club Kit

Show All Answers

1. Who can check out a Book Club Kit?

Anyone with an Orange County Public Library card can check out a kit. The person who checks out a kit is responsible for returning it on time to the library. Read information on how to get a library card.

2. Can I place a hold on a Book Club Kit?

Yes, you can place a hold on a Book Club Kit.

3. What is the difference between a Book Club Kit and a Book Club Kit+?

A Book Club Kit will have copies of the book in either hardcover or paperback. A Book Club Kit+ will include a variety of versions of the title. It may have a large print version, an audiobook version, or a DVD if the book has been made into a movie.

4. Where do I pick up a kit?

Visit a service desk at your home library, and a librarian will check out the kit to you.

5. May I check out just one book from the kit?

No, the kit has to be checked out as one item. If you are interested in checking out a single title (book, DVD, or audiobook), search our catalog for availability.

6. What is the checkout period for a Book Club Kit or Book Club Kit+?

The checkout period for a Book Club Kit is six weeks. A kit may be renewed if there are no holds on it.

7. Is there a fee if a kit is returned late?

Yes, there is a late fee of $1 per day.

8. What if a book club kit is returned with missing/damaged copies of the title?

If a kit is returned with missed or damaged items, the library will charge the library card holder the price of the item plus a $5 processing fee. Replacement fees are as follows:

• Book: depends upon format
• Reader’s guide: $10
• Tote bag: $15
• Entire kit: $125 to $175, depending on the contents of the kit

9. Can kits be guaranteed for a specific date?

No, Book Club Kits cannot be guaranteed for specific dates. We recommend having a second or third choice of title in case you cannot check out your first choice at the time you desire.

10. Are reader's guides available with each kit?

Every kit includes a reader’s guide, including discussion questions and/or an author spotlight. This document can also be found on our Book Club Kits page as a PDF.

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Library - Borrow a Kindle

Show All Answers

1. How can I check out a Kindle?

To check out a Kindle, visit the information desk on the 2nd floor of the Main Library in Hillsborough or the service desk at the Carrboro Branch Library.

2. How long can I keep the Kindle?

You may check out a Kindle for 3 weeks at a time, just like any other book in the library.

3. Can I place a hold request on a Kindle?

Yes; you can request a Kindle just as you would any other library materials

4. Can I download eBooks to the Kindle?

No; you may not add or remove any items from the Kindle, or change any settings while you have it. If you would like to purchase an eBook for the library’s Kindles, please speak with a staff member at the information desk, or call 919-245-2537.

5. Are there late fees?

Yes; there is a late fee (fine) of $1 per day if you do not return the Kindle to the library by the due date.

6. Can I return the Kindle in the book drop?

No; because a Kindle is fragile, it cannot be returned in the book drop. If you use the book drop to return a Kindle, we will charge a $25 fine to your account.

7. Where do I return the Kindle?

Return the Kindle to a staff member at the information desk located on the 2nd floor at the Main Library in Hillsborough or to the service desk at the Carrboro Branch Library.

All components of the Kindle must be present upon return for the library to consider the item checked in. This includes the Kindle, its cover, the charging cord, adapter, and carrying case. Kindles must be returned at least 30 minutes before the library closes so we will have sufficient time to ensure the returned item is complete and in working order.

8. What if the Kindle is lost, damaged, or stolen while I have it checked out?

Before you can check out a Kindle, you will be asked to fill out a user agreement. By signing the agreement, you accept full financial responsibility for the Kindle and agree to pay all costs associated with damage to, theft, or loss of the Kindle and/or the Kindle accessories while checked out to you. The maximum replacement cost for all components, including the Kindle, cover, case, and charger, is $150.

9. Where can I find information on how to use the Kindle?

You will find basic operating instructions in the Kindle check out packet. For more detailed instructions, see the Amazon Kindle User's Guide (PDF).

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Library - Southern Branch Library Project

Show All Answers

1. Why build a new library in Carrboro?

Any new branch built by Orange County would replace the Carrboro Branch Library, located in McDougle Middle School, and the Cybrary, located in the Century Center in downtown Carrboro. The Carrboro Branch has been in place since 1995 and the Cybrary since 2004. Both facilities offer access to the library’s collections, public computers, and wi-fi. However, neither facility enables residents to engage with the library via robust program offerings and service hours.

Note

The Chapel Hill Public Library is not part of the Orange County Public Library system. It is a service offered by the Town of Chapel Hill.

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Library - Teen Advisory Board

Show All Answers

1. What’s the Teen Advisory Board?

The Teen Advisory Board (TAB) is a group of teens who work to make the library teen-friendly. TAB is a great way to get service learning and community service hours.

2. How does TAB work?

TAB runs for 4 months twice a year. Session I runs from January through April. Session II runs from July through October. Space is limited, so you have to apply for each session. During a session, TAB meets as a group (over snacks) once every two weeks for about an hour to discuss and plan things they want in the library for teens. On the weeks in between meetings, members can schedule service time to work on projects in the teen room to get extra service hours. When the TAB puts together an event, members participate, eat tasty food, and have fun!

3. What types of things does TAB do?

TAB helps to:

• Create a welcoming teen area in the library
• Create displays
• Design and create content for the TAB’s zine made for and by teens
• Make teen programs possible
• Promote reading and expression for and by teens
• Recommend items for the library’s collections
• Work on the teen opportunities bulletin

4. What are the benefits of joining TAB?

TAB members have the ability to:

• Acquire experience to use in job applications
• Be creative and express themselves through projects and activities
• Enjoy personal satisfaction in serving their community and peers
• Fulfill service learning requirements for high school or college
• Have fun plus food at meetings and events
• Influence what the library has available for teens

5. How do I join TAB?

To join, you’ll need to pick up, fill out, and submit an application to Miss Kafi (kuh-FEE) at the Main Library. You must also:

• Be at least 13 years old
• Commit to attending meetings and events
• Complete tasks with direction and on your own
• Demonstrate an open-mind and respect of others' views
• Get your parent’s permission
• Have a desire to help the library reach out to our community’s teens

6. Who do I contact if I have questions about the TAB?

Feel free to direct any questions to Miss Kafi at 919-245-2536 or email TAB.

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Library - Wi-fi To Go

Show All Answers

1. Who can check out a hotspot?

Anyone who has a valid library card. We do ask that you limit one hotspot per family.

2. How do I check out a hotspot?

Stop in at one of our locations. If all of our hotspots are checked out, you can use your library card to place a hold.

3. How long can I keep a hotspot from the library?

You can borrow a hotspot for three weeks. Two renewals are available if no one else is waiting.

4. Can I reserve a hotspot?

Yes; if all hotspots are checked out, you can use your library card to place a hold.

5. How do I return a hotspot?

You can return the hotspot to any library location during open hours. No book drop, please. You must return the hotspot with all the original packing and accessories. Please fully charge the battery before you return the device.

6. Can I use the library’s hotspot to send / receive text messages?

No; texting/SMS messaging is not available.

7. How do I renew a hotspot?

Log into your account or stop by one of our library locations to renew a hotspot.

8. Does it cost to borrow a hotspot?

Borrowing and using the hotspot is free! However, if you exceed allowed data limits, you will be billed via your library account. If the hotspot becomes lost, has missing parts, or is damaged beyond repair, a $65 fee will be charged to your library account.

9. Can I take the hotspot outside of the United States?

No; if additional data fees are charged to the hotspot, the fees will be added to your library account.

10. What information about my Internet usage, if any, is tracked by the library or the service provider?

Your Internet usage is not tracked by the library or the service provider. The library maintains records of which customers have checked out library materials for the duration of the checkout period.

11. The hotspot prompted me to update the software. Should I do that?

Yes; the hotspot periodically receives software updates from the service provider. You can go ahead and accept the update. The software upgrade process only takes a few minutes.

12. The hotspot displayed a message that said "Data Limit Reached." What do I do?

Periodically, our service provider (Verizon) may limit the amount of data its network will carry. This happens when there is network congestion. The library does not receive notice when this occurs, and there is no "fix" other than to wait until the congestion period is over.

Note: Resetting or changing any confirmation of the hotspots will require library staff to reconfigure the device. A $5 charge will be added to your account and you may be blocked from future use of the WiFi To Go service.

You can access full documentation for the hotspots on the Verizon website. However, because the devices are already activated and configured, you may find few of the articles helpful.

13. Where can I find additional information about Wi-fi To Go?

Other questions? You can call and speak with one of our librarians at 919-245-2525 (Hillsborough) or 919-969-3006 (Carrboro) during regular business hours.

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Orange Public Transportation

Show All Answers

1. How much does it cost to ride OCPT routes?

Fixed Route Service:

Hillsborough Circulator 

• Fare Free

Orange - Chapel Hill Connector and Orange -Alamance Connector

• $2 General Public (one -way)
• $1 Children ages 6-12
• Fare Free to seniors (60+), children (0-5), and persons with disabilities* 

Demand Response Service:

Elderly and Disabled Transportation Assistance Program

• $3 (one-way); $6 (round-trip)

Rural General Public

• 12.75 (one-way); 25.50 (round-trip)

*Must be ADA certified with OCPT or show valid certificate from another transit agency.

Passengers must pay at the time of their trip (when they board the bus, please have exact change when using cash or coin). OCPT may introduce new fare media, look for more details to come in the near future.

2. I receive Medicaid, how do I schedule a trip?

Steps to booking a Medicaid trip:

1. Call the Department of Social Services(DSS) at 919-245-2774 and leave a voicemail detailing your NEMT transportation request. 
   • OCPT does not schedule Medicaid trips only DSS can schedule your Medicaid transportation.
2. Reservations for transportation should be made at least 2 days in advance of the requested trip date
3. DSS will book the reservation with the appropriate transportation provider which may include OCPT.
4. OCPT will call the day before your appointment to confirm your pick up time and trip destination.
5. On the day of your trip, remember to give your OCPT driver the filled out Medicaid Transportation Verification of Receipt of Medicaid Covered Service form.

3. How do I know if my destination is in the ADA service are?

Orange County Public Transportation provides paratransit service to locations within 3/4 mile of fixed-route transit services during the same hours that fixed-route services are available. Please check with our dispatcher at 919-245-2008 to verify if your destination is in the service area

4. Can drivers make a stop between trips?

No, drivers cannot make stops between trips. For the safety of the drivers and customers, personal stops are not allowed. If you request to leave the vehicle before reaching your scheduled destination, your trip will end at that location.

5. What if I need more assistance getting on the bus?

All customers have the right to travel with a personal care assistant (PCA) and should indicate their intent to do so when making a reservation. Some people have a level of disability that necessitates their use of a PCA. Customers who cannot travel safely or comfortably without being accompanied by or met by a PCA must understand that Orange County Public Transportation drivers cannot fulfill PCA duties. Some duties that may be performed by a PCA but not by a Orange County Public Transportation driver include and are not limited to:

• Assisting a customer in removing a jacket.
• Repositioning a customer in a wheelchair.
• Providing physical support for a customer to walk between the vehicle and the outermost exterior door of the pick-up or destination.
• Assisting a customer with changing oxygen canisters.
• Traveling with or meeting a customer who cannot be left unattended at the destination.
• Traveling with customers who cannot be left unattended for a brief time on a Orange County Public Transportation vehicle without risk to themselves or others.
• Assisting a customer who travels with a service animal but cannot board or disembark that animal from the vehicle without assistance.
• Unlocking and/or opening the door to a customer's private residence.
• Assisting a customer using a wheelchair in navigating up or down any steps or curbs to or from the Orange County Public Transportation vehicle.
• Operating the controls of an electronically operated mobility device.

6. What time do OCPT buses run?

Hillsborough Circlator 

• 8am - 5pm Monday - Friday
• Click here for route map

Orange - Chapel Hill Connector 

• 9:45am - 3:50pm Monday - Friday
• Click here for route map

Orange - Alamance Connector 

• 10am - 3pm Monday - Friday
• Click here for route map

Demand Response Services 

• 8am - 5pm Monday - Friday

7. Can GoTriangle passes be used on Orange County Public Transportation buses?

All passes that are honored are listed on the GoTriangle website. Passes may be purchased online or by contacting TTA at 919-549-9999.

8. My driver always arrives early, Can the driver leave me if i'm not ready?

If your driver arrives before the pick-up window begins, he or she is only required to wait three minutes into the pick-up window. For example, if your pick-up window is from 7:45 to 8:15 a.m. and the driver arrives at 7:45 or earlier, you must present yourself for boarding by 7:50 a.m. You are not required to board the vehicle until the pick-up window begins, but you may board the vehicle early if you wish.

9. What is MOD?

MOD stands for "Mobility On Demand," meaning the ride comes when you request it. Similar to a taxi or services provided by Uber/Lyft, when MOD is in service you’ll be able to request a ride within the service area by using the TransLoc app, by calling OCPT at 919-245-2008, or by visiting http://ondemand.transloc.com.

Read the Announcement for more details.

Find out more about MOD

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Register of Deeds

Show All Answers

1. What is your web page address for document research?

Visit the Deeds document inquiry website for document research.

2. Can the Register of Deeds conduct a title search of my property?

No. You must contact an attorney or a paralegal under the supervision of an attorney for a title search.

3. How do I transfer names on a deed?

To transfer names on a deed, a new deed must be prepared. Unless you are familiar with preparing legal documents, it is advisable to seek legal counsel.

4. If I lose my original deed, how do I replace it?

The Register of Deeds is authorized by law to issue a certified copy of any deed recorded in the public registry. Refer to the Fee Schedule for copy fees.

5. Where can I get a map of my property?

If the map of your property is recorded in Orange County, you can obtain a copy from the Register of Deeds office. Submit the book and page number of the desired map. Refer to the Fee Schedule for plat copy fee.

6. How may I obtain a copy of a PLAT?

A copy of your PLAT may be available online if not, you may come into our office and we will assist you in obtaining a copy.

7. Where is parking available?

In the parking deck immediately behind the Gateway Center building.

8. What is your address?

The Register of Deeds is located at:

228 S Churton Street,
Suite 300
Hillsborough, NC 27278

9. What are your hours of operation?

Our hours of operation are Monday through Friday form 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.

10. What are the requirements for obtaining a marriage license?

View the requirements for obtaining a marriage license.

11. How can I get a copy of my marriage certificate?

If you purchased your marriage license in Orange County, you may request a copy in person or by mail. For more Information, go to the Marriage License page.

12. What are the acceptable forms of identification for a marriage license?

A Driver's License with photograph, State issued Identification Card or a Passport.

Agents, attorneys, or legal representatives must also furnish documentation of authority in order to receive a certified copy of any type of certificate for an individual.

13. How may I obtain a copy of my divorce?

If your divorce was processed in Orange County, you may obtain a copy from the Orange County Clerk of Court's Office, located in the Orange County Courthouse.

14. What is the fee for a Marriage License?

The fee is $60, payable by cash, debit / credit card (*convenience fee will be applied; 2.5%, minimum $2), money order or certified bank check.

15. Do I have to make an appointment to apply for a Marriage License?

No. Applications are accepted daily from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. (except for holidays).

16. Is it possible to apply for a marriage license in Orange County and get married in another county in North Carolina?

Yes; however the marriage license must be returned to the County in which it was issued (example: If the marriage license was issued in Orange County, it must be returned to Orange County.)

17. What is the valid period of time for the marriage license?

It is valid immediately and remains valid for sixty days from the date of issuance.

18. Are premarital physical exams required?

No they are not.

19. Whom do I contact regarding a civil ceremony?

Contact the magistrate, (Hillsborough - 919-644-4690 or Chapel Hill - 919-929-5707), during office hours 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. The fee is $20.

20. What is the procedure for changing my name after marriage?

• First, present a certified copy to The Social Security Administration. Certified copies of a marriage license can be obtained from:
  Register of Deeds office,
  Gateway Center
  228 S Churton Street
  Suite 300
  Hillsborough, NC 27278
  
  or request by mail:
  P.O. Box 8181
  Hillsborough, NC 27278

Certified copies are $10 per copy.

• Present the certified copy to the Department of Motor Vehicles for a change on your driver’s license (DMV does not keep the copy).

21. How do I register a business name?

Complete the proper Assumed Name form and pay appropriate recording fee. You may download a copy of these and other business forms at the Secretary of State's website.

22. What are the fees for recording?

View the Fees page for more information.

23. How do I determine the excise tax on a property?

The current North Carolina excise tax stamps are $1 per $500 or fractional part of the value of the property conveyed. (Deeds recorded prior to August 1991, the excise tax was $1 per thousand.)

24. May I obtain a Birth Certificate from your office?

Obtain a Birth Certificate from the office.

25. How do I obtain an initial appointment or reappointment form for my Notary Public Commission?

Notary forms, including Notary Public Applications are available on the North Carolina Secretary of State's Notary Public website or you may pick up the form from either our office Secretary of State's Office, Notary Division 919-807-2131). When your Notary Commission is approved by the Secretary of State, you will receive a notice instructing you to appear in the Register of Deeds office to take your oath of office.

26. Do I need an appointment to take my notary oath?

An appointment to take the Notary Oath is not necessary. Our office hours are 8 a.m. to 5 p.m., Monday through Friday (except holidays). Submit the notice received from the Secretary of State's Office to the Register of Deeds and your driver's license or other photo ID for identification. Refer to the Fee Schedule.

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Social Services

Show All Answers

1. What should I do if I am unable to get to one of the offices to apply?

If you are unable to come into the office, you can appoint someone you trust to represent you in the office or an application can be taken over the phone. You can also download an application (PDF) and mail it in.

2. When will my benefits go into my account?

Your benefits will be available after 6 a.m. on the same day each month according to the last digit of the head of household's Social Security Number, even if that day is on a weekend or a holiday.

3. I have received my EBT card. How can I get it activated?

Activation

You can call customer service at 888-622-7328. A recorded message with instructions will ask you to enter the card number, then your social security number then 4 digits to be used as your pin number (your choice). At this time, the procedure for individuals without a social security number is to use their birth date. It is recommended that at least temporarily, those without socials should come in and activate the card in the DSS office.

Additional Assistance

f you have additional questions or problems, just bring your EBT card and some form of identification (a picture I.D. is preferred) to our office. You will receive training on how to use your EBT card and you must have a personal identification number (PIN) to activate your card. After your training class we will assist you in activating your card.

4. What is the EBT customer service number?

The toll free number is 888-622-7328 and they are open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.

5. When will my application be completed?

Emergency benefits must be completed within 7 days from your date of application. Applications that do not meet emergency criteria must be completed within 30 days from your date of application.

6. When will I receive my EBT card?

EBT cards should be received within 3 to 5 days after your Food Stamp case is completed.

7. What do I do if I have a change in my situation?

Your caseworker will review what changes are required to be reported when you apply.

8. Will I receive a new EBT card each month?

No. You use the same card each month. If your benefits terminate, you should keep your card. If you reapply, you may have your benefits deposited into the old EBT account. Be sure to let your caseworker know that you still have an EBT card. You can even keep your same pin number.

9. What happens if I use the wrong pin number when I am shopping?

If you try to use the wrong pin number 4 times in a row your EBT card will not work anymore that day. You will have to wait until after 12:01 a.m. the next day to try again.

10. How can I check my balance on my EBT card?

Call the customer service line at 888-622-7328. The number can be located on the back of your card. Any remaining balance at the end of the month is rolled over into the next month.

11. Why didnt I get the full benefits for the month I applied initially?

Benefits are prorated for the month of application based on your date of application. For example, if you apply on December 8, 2002, you would receive benefits from December 8, 2002 through December 31, 2002 if eligible.

12. How is the amount of my benefit determined?

The amount of Food and Nutrition benefits you may receive are determined by the number of people in the household, the amount of income received by the people in the household, the households shelter expenses and the amount of medical expenses you have to pay that are not reimbursed (persons 60 or older or disabled

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Social Services - Child Care Subsidy

Show All Answers

1. What are the income limits for eligibility?

Please see the Income Eligibility Chart.

2. Is the countable income used before or after taxes?

Before taxes

3. How old does a child have to be to receive assistance?

Child care Subsidy will assist children since newborn until 12 years old.

4. How does my being pregnant and the waiting list work?

If you are pregnant and are planning to return to work, please contact our department after the child is born to be added to the childcare waiting list.

5. Should I put both parents on the waiting list form?

Only if both parents are in the home.

6. If I reside in another county and I am receiving services, can funding be transferred to Orange County?

No, services do not transfer from County to County.

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Soil & Water Conservation District

Show All Answers

1. Where do I pay my water bill?

Orange County Soil and Water Conservation Office does not handle water bill payments. Find out where to pay your bill.

2. Where can I get my well tested?

Orange County Soil and Water Conservation Office does not perform well testings. Instead, please call 919-245-2360 or visit the Environmental Health Department page.

3. Can you test my soil?

The Soil and Water Conservation District has soil test boxes at the Hillsborough office. The boxes are mailed to the North Carolina Department of Agriculture in Raleigh for testing. The North Carolina Department of Agriculture analyzes the samples, and the results are usually placed on its website. Soil test boxes are also available at the North Carolina Botanical Garden, Piedmont Feed and Southern States Cooperative.

4. I have found this plant growing in my pond, stream or backyard. Can you tell me what it is?

The North Carolina Cooperative Extension Office provides this service. The office is conveniently located next door to the Soil and Water office.

5. Where do I obtain a Septic Tank Permit?

The Orange County Environmental Health Department handles septic systems services and programs. You may obtain a permit from that office.

6. Can you perform a perc test on my site?

This office does not perform perc tests. Please contact the Orange County Environmental Health Department at 919-245-2360.

7. Where do I obtain a well permit?

The Orange County Environmental Health Department handles well services and programs. You may obtain a permit from that office.

8. I am interested in obtaining financial assistance for my farm. Can you help?

Yes! Please contact us to set up a meeting to get started. We participate in a number of State and Federal programs which provide both financial and technical assistance to qualified applicants. Soil and Water Conservation staff will be happy to help determine the technical and financial programs that would be suit your needs.

9. My class is studying environment, water and soil issues. Can you come and speak with them about the issues facing Orange County?

Yes! We offer an extensive educational program and can tailor our presentations to meet the needs, interests and ages of the classroom participants. Please contact us to learn more.

10. Where can I find historical aerial photos for Orange County?

Yes, we have historical aerial photos for Orange County only. The maps are not available for loan or sale, but copies of a specific site can be made.

11. What maps are available for Orange County?

Orange Soil and Water Conservation District has historical aerial photos for Orange County only. We also have wetland and flood prone area maps. Orange County's Geographic Information Serivces/Land Records Office has current aerial photography and digital orthophotography. Contact the GIS/Land Records office for further information.

12. Do you have aerial maps for Durham County or other adjoining counties?

No, we only have maps for Orange County. Please contact the Soil and Water Conservation District offices in the adjoining counties. The North Carolina Association of Soil and Water Conservation Districts offers more information about adjoining counties.

13. Where can I find topographical maps of Orange County?

Yes, we have "topo" maps available to review in the office. The maps are not available for loan or sale, but we are willing to make copies of a small area on a map. For more information concerning maps for sale, see North Carolina Geological Survey website.

14. What are your office hours?

The office is open Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. The office is closed on Orange County Holidays. Please contact us with any additional questions.

15. Do you have trees for sale?

We do sell trees on a pre-order basis. We order trees from the North Carolina Forest Services in November of each year. Trees are delivered to our office in mid-to-late February for pick-up and sale to the public. We will post a tree order from on our website in late summer.

16. Do you sell birdhouses?

Yes, we sell bluebird houses and wood duck boxes on a pre-order basis. Contact us for further details.

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Solid Waste - Curbside Recycling

Show All Answers

1. How do I get a blue recycling cart?

Call 919-968-2788 or email recycling to get on our delivery list. Please allow up to 2 weeks for delivery. 

Email our office if your cart is missing or it needs a repair.  Cart replacement costs $60, however there is no charge for a one time replacement if the loss or damage is through no fault of the household. If resident would like to lease an additional cart they may do so for an annual fee of $60.

2. How do I get orange recycling bins?

If you prefer smaller 18-gallon orange bins for your curbside collection, request a delivery, or residents can pick them up Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m. at the Solid Waste Management Department Administration office:
1207 Eubanks Road,
Chapel Hill NC 27516.
(just west of the Orange County Landfill).

Each household can receive two bins at no charge. Replacement bins for lost or damaged bins are available at no cost. Additional bins may be purchased for $7 from our office. You may use any other rigid plastic container similar in size and shape to the curbside recycling bin such as a laundry basket or a milk crate.

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Solid Waste Management - Construction & Demolition

Show All Answers

1. Why did Orange County pass this ordinance?

In the late 1990’s it was recognized that the Construction and Demolition (C and D) landfill on Eubanks Road was going to be filled sometime in 2003. The Orange County Board of County Commissioners agreed to build a new C and D landfill but only if certain bulky materials (those materials that take up the most room in the landfill) were required to be recycled. As a result, the Regulated Recyclable Materials Ordinance went into effect on October 1, 2002.

2. My business isn’t construction, but I still have wood, metal, and / or cardboard in my waste. Do I still need to recycle?

This ordinance is designed to regulate not a particular industry, but certain materials. Metal, wood, pallets, and corrugated cardboard from the commercial waste stream are subject to the same recycling requirement as those produced from construction and demolition projects. The Solid Waste Department staff can help you get a recycling program set up.

3. What about demolition waste?

Demolition waste includes a great deal of wood and metal, both recyclable materials, but separating these materials is often difficult. Demolition waste must still be recycled if free of contaminants. But the waste would not be considered free of contaminants if it is attached to other material in a way that it is not reasonably possible to separate.

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Solid Waste Programs Fee

Show All Answers

1. Who pays the SWPF?

Payments are assigned as follows:

• All owners of improved property in Orange County must pay the SWPF. If a property has multiple units such as an apartment complex or shopping center, each individual unit, or each “front door,” is assessed a Solid Waste Programs Fee.
• Owners of the parcel of land on which there are single-wide mobile homes or leaseholds on which there are double-wide homes or other habitable structures, will be assessed the SWPF for all units on their property eligible to receive service. The SWPF will be assessed to the real property owner for each habitable unit on that property.
• All public buildings such as schools, local government, state government, and OWASA pay the fee.
• UNC Chapel Hill and UNC Health Care (on campus) do not pay the fee as each has its own comprehensive recycling program.

2. What if I believe the fee is inaccurately assessed and wish to appeal?

Appeal

When you receive your 2018 tax bill, you may feel that the fee has not been accurately assessed for your property(s). Orange County has developed a formal SWPF appeals process for this type of situation. The appeal form (PDF) can be returned via email the Tax Office  or by mail:
Orange County Tax Office

Attention to Solid Waste Programs Fee Appeal
P.O. Box 8181
Hillsborough NC 27278

Follow the instructions on the form, sign and submit the form by mail or fax to:

Orange County Solid Waste Management
Attention to Director
P.O. Box 17177
Chapel Hill, NC 27516
Fax: 919-932-2900

Review

A review of the appeal will then be conducted by County Solid Waste staff utilizing information provided by County Land Records, the County Assessor’s Office and Solid Waste Management. Appellants will receive written notification of the outcome of their appeal.

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Syringe Exchange

Show All Answers

1. Do you collect demographics on patients enrolled in the program?

Orange County feels it's important to build trust with every client seeking our services. We do not collect demographics on any clients seeking syringe exchange materials. Any client who requests syringes will receive them, no questions asked.

2. Are clients formally enrolled in your program?

No, we provide clean syringes to anyone who asks for them. No enrollment or proof of residency required.

3. Where do you distribute syringes?

Clean syringes are distributed at the front desk window of both medical clinics. We also keep clean syringe kits in clinic for clients who may confide in their provider and express a need.

4. What do you put in your safe syringe kits?

Each kit contains 20 syringes and the required state patient education. Some kits have FIT packs, FDA personal sharps containers. Clients have a choice of kit with or without the FIT container.

5. How are syringes returned?

We were fortunate enough to buy a large syringe return bins for the front lobbies of our two buildings. Our program would be successful without this larger, more expensive bin. Smaller or portable bins would suffice. Additionally, front desk staff have a portable sharps container on the rare chance clients bring their syringes to the window. We have found that most clients box or package their syringes in laundry bottles prior to returning.

6. Do you require clients to return syringes to receive syringes, i.e., 1:1 syringe return?

No, evidence suggests this is more harmful and an ineffective way to operate an exchange.

7. What training was required for staff?

All staff had input into the policy development. Training on program operations were provided to all staff. Front desk staff received additional OSHA training on safe handling and blood borne pathogens as a precaution.

8. What outcomes data do you track?

Data Tracked

• We track the data required for state reporting as outlined in HB972
• We track the number of kits distributed (20 syringes per kit)
• The number of naloxone kits distributed
• The number of clients who seek referrals to mental health and/or substance abuse programs or other community resources
• We track the number of syringes returned using the state recommended formula of 281 syringes per pound returned

9. Did you create a new safety and security policy to include your safe syringe initiative?

No, we did not recreate a policy. We used our existing safety plan and policy.

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Tax Administration

Show All Answers

1. I have a question about my address, who do I contact?

Please email Orange County Addressing for further assistance, or call:

• Nancy Freeman: 919-245-2735
• Britney Pendleton: 919-245-2576
• Kevin Locklear: 919-245-2287

If your address is within one of these municipalities, you can contact:

• Town of Carrboro
  Ruth Heaton
  919-918-7328
  Email Ruth Heation
  
  
• Town of Chapel Hill
  Michael Sudol
  919-969-5068
  Email Michael Sudol
  
  
• City of Mebane
  Katie Harper
  336-570-4085
  Email Katie Harper
  
  
• Town of Hillsborough
  Margaret Hauth
  919-732-1270, ext. 86
  Email Margaret Hauth

2. What is the process for getting a new address assigned for new construction?

For new construction, addresses are assigned as part of the Building Permit process.

3. I would like to place the appropriate address sign for my home, but I am unsure if my address is in compliance. How can I check?

Please contact us and verify that your address is in compliance.

4. How can I check existing street names?

You can check using the Orange Address Database for a listing of street names within Orange County.

5. My neighborhood is on an un-named private drive with three or more homes, what do I need to do?

Please first contact us and verify that your road needs to be named. We can then give you more information on the next steps to take.

6. What about my mailbox?

For all questions about your mailbox, please contact your local Post Office or mail carrier.

7. Where can I get an address sign?

To see the requirements for address signs, please see section 6-35 (e) of the ordinance (PDF).

Fire Stations that sell reflective signs:

Office	Address
Caldwell	7020 Guess Road Rougemont, NC 27572
Carrboro 2	1411 Homestead Road Chapel Hill, NC 27516
Cedar Grove 1	5912 Penecost Road Cedar Grove, NC  27231
Cedar Grove 2	720 Hawkins Road Cedar Grove, NC 27231
Eno	5019 U.S. 70 E Durham, NC 27705
New Hope	4012 Whitfield Road Chapel Hill, NC 27514
Orange Grove	6800 Orange Grove Road Hillsborough, NC 27278
Orange Rural (Hillsborough)	206 S Churton Street Hillsborough, NC 27278
White Cross	5722 Old Greensboro Road Chapel Hill, NC 27516

8. Where can I get a street sign?

There are several companies online and locally in the yellow pages that sell street signs.

For specific requirements on street signs, Section 6-34(D.1) of the Orange County Addressing Ordinance states:

“Signs for public or private roads or drives shall conform with the physical standards set forth in the United States Department of Transportation’s Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD).”

The section reference in the MUTCD is 2D.43 - “Street Name Signs” and can be found in PDF and HTML format.

9. My address will be changed, what do I need to do?

My address will be changed, what do I need to do?

10. Does Orange County Emergency Medical Services bill medical insurance?

Yes. Orange County Emergency Medical Services bills Medicare, Medicaid and private insurance.

11. Can I make monthly payments on my account?

Yes. You can make monthly payments. However, you must be consistent with your payments. If you are unable to make a payment, you must call us in advance.

12. Can I pay with a credit card?

Yes. Please call 844-435-3981 and use your run number as the tax bill number. 

If you have issues with processing your credit card payment, please call the customer service number 888-891-6064 option 1 for assistance.

13. Can I setup my payments through Automated Draft?

No. We do not process automated drafts, but you may setup automated payments with your bank through Bill Pay. Please contact your bank for assistance.

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Tax Administration - Addressing

Show All Answers

1. What is the process for getting a new address assigned for new construction?

For new construction, addresses are assigned as part of the Building Permit process.

2. I have a question about my address, who do I contact?

Please email Orange County Addressing for further assistance, or call:

• Michael Burton: 919-245-2502
• Kevin Locklear: 919-245-2287
• Britney Pendleton: 919-245-2576

If your address is within one of these municipalities, you can contact:

• Town of Carrboro
  Ruth Heaton
  919-918-7328
  Email Ruth Heation
  
  
• Town of Chapel Hill
  Michael Sudol
  919-969-5068
  Email Michael Sudol
  
  
• City of Mebane
  Katie Harper
  336-570-4085
  Email Katie Harper
  
  
• Town of Hillsborough
  Evan Punch
  919-296-9470
  Email Evan Punch

3. I would like to place the appropriate address sign for my home, but I am unsure if my address is in compliance. How can I check?

Please contact us and verify that your address is in compliance.

4. How can I check existing street names?

You can check using the Orange Address Database for a listing of street names within Orange County.

5. My neighborhood is on an un-named private drive with three or more homes, what do I need to do?

Please first contact us and verify that your road needs to be named. We can then give you more information on the next steps to take.

6. My address will be changed, what do I need to do?

My address will be changed, what do I need to do?

7. What about my mailbox?

For all questions about your mailbox, please contact your local Post Office or mail carrier.

8. Where can I get an address sign?

To see the requirements for address signs, please see section 6-35 (e) of the ordinance (PDF).

Fire Stations that sell reflective signs:

Office	Address
Caldwell	7020 Guess Road Rougemont, NC 27572
Carrboro 2	1411 Homestead Road Chapel Hill, NC 27516
Cedar Grove 1	5912 Penecost Road Cedar Grove, NC  27231
Cedar Grove 2	720 Hawkins Road Cedar Grove, NC 27231
Eno	5019 U.S. 70 E Durham, NC 27705
New Hope	4012 Whitfield Road Chapel Hill, NC 27514
Orange Grove	6800 Orange Grove Road Hillsborough, NC 27278
Orange Rural (Hillsborough)	206 S Churton Street Hillsborough, NC 27278
White Cross	5722 Old Greensboro Road Chapel Hill, NC 27516

9. Where can I get a street sign?

There are several companies online and locally in the yellow pages that sell street signs.

For specific requirements on street signs, Section 6-34(D.1) of the Orange County Addressing Ordinance states:

“Signs for public or private roads or drives shall conform with the physical standards set forth in the United States Department of Transportation’s Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD).”

The section reference in the MUTCD is 2D.43 - “Street Name Signs” and can be found in PDF and HTML format.

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Tax Administration - Ambulance Billing

Show All Answers

1. I thought this service was covered in my tax bill, no one ever told me there was a charge.

Charging for emergency services became effective for Orange County in October 1996. Your tax dollars are used to support the cost of providing ambulance service around the clock. The fees are used to offset the cost for providing emergency medical services to county citizens and to citizens that are not county residents. In addition to tax dollars, Emergency Services also seek federal funding to support operation cost. Ambulance fees assures compliance with applicable federal requirements and cost principles associated the those resources.

2. Does Orange County Emergency Medical Services bill medical insurance?

Yes. Orange County Emergency Medical Services bills Medicare, Medicaid and private insurance.

3. What if the insurance information was not given at the time of service?

If the information is not collected during your initial contact with EMS personnel, you will receive a statement of charges from Orange County EMS along with a patient insurance form (PDF). You are encouraged to complete this form so we will have all the pertinent information needed to file your claim correctly. Please include the following information: The policy number, subscriber identification number, group number, insured name and complete mailing address of the insurance company. 

Please mail, fax or email the completed form to our office promptly as this information is time sensitive. Please mail your completed form to the address found on top of the document. If you prefer, you may fax your form to 919-644-3091 or email the Tax Office an electronic copy. If insurance information is not provided within 6 months of the date of service, we may not be able to file your insurance due to timely filing limitations.

4. What if I never received a bill for this service? I did not realize there was a charge.

Emergency Medical Services (EMS) bills are mailed to the address given at the time of transport. Unless your bill is returned mail, we have no indication that you did not receive it. If your bill is returned, it is noted in our billing system, researched for a better address and re-mailed. We make every attempt to send bills and notifications to our patients. If you fail to receive your bill at the address you provided during the transport, you are still responsible for the charges.

5. Will you file with my insurance company for this bill?

Yes. Our office will file claims to your insurance company. We must have a signed medical release form from you on file. We may file up to the deadline imposed by the insurance companies. Medicare will accept claims up to 12 months from the date of service; Medicaid has a deadline of 12 months from the date of service. Private insurance companies require that the claim be filed within 6 months of the date of service. VA claims must be submitted within 30 days of the date of service.

6. Why did my insurance company mail the check to me?

Some insurance companies send checks directly to the policy holder. We will bile claims as a courtesy for the patient. It is the responsibility of the patient to make sure the bill is paid in full.

7. What if I gave my insurance information at the hospital and the insurance paid them. Why did you not file with my insurance?

Orange County Emergency Services is not connected with the hospital or its database. Therefore, we are unable to obtain that data from the hospital. You are our only source for your insurance information, and you must provide us with it in order for us to file your claim.

8. This is a Workman’s Compensation claim. Why are you billing me?

The patient is responsible for providing the Workman's Compensation company's name, address and claim number in order for us to file the claim with them.

9. How much time will Orange County EMS allow me to pay my ambulance bill?

Once your bill is active in our system, you will have 30 days to make a payment.

10. Can I make monthly payments on my account?

Yes. You can make monthly payments. However, you must be consistent with your payments. If you are unable to make a payment, you must call us in advance.

11. What if I want to dispute the charges or services?

If you disagree with charges on your bill, please contact billing at 919-245-2100 option 3. To dispute services, please contact the EMS Administration Office at 919-245-6124 to file a formal complaint.

12. The last time I was transported the charge was different. Why did this transport cost more?

There are different levels of service. Total charges are established according to the level or service and/or the mileage provided during the transport.

13. What are your fees for the level of service provided?

Charges are as followed:

• $150 Treatment Non-Transport
• $225 Treatment Non-Transport Level 2
• $568 Basic Life Support
• $675 Advanced Life Support
• $976 Advanced Life Support Level 2
• $12.00 per mile

These rates are subject to change.

14. Where should I mail my payment?

Make payments out to:

Ambulance Service EMS
Orange County Revenue
P.O. Box 8181
Hillsborough, NC 27278

15. Who do I make the check payable to?

Make checks payable to Orange County Revenue - Ambulance Service EMS

16. Can I pay with a credit card?

Yes. Please call 844-435-3981 and use your run number as the tax bill number. 

If you have issues with processing your credit card payment, please call the customer service number 888-891-6064 option 1 for assistance.

17. Can I setup my payments through Automated Draft?

No. We do not process automated drafts, but you may setup automated payments with your bank through Bill Pay. Please contact your bank for assistance.

18. Will my credit be affected if I fail to pay this bill?

We do not report to the Credit Bureaus, but we may take legal action by garnishing wages if bills are unpaid.

19. Do you offer discounts?

Orange County EMS is a government agency and a Medicare provider. Federal law prohibits this.

20. What if I can not pay the bill?

If you are experiencing financial hardship, and you are a current Orange County Resident, we have a program called EMS Assistance that is offered through the Orange County Department of Social Services (DSS). If your balance is your true balance after all insurance has been processed and resources considered, DSS will make a determination based on income to see if you qualify. If approved, your bill will be covered through this program. If you are interested, please download the Consent of Release Form (PDF) and either mail, fax or email to our office. Our mailing address is located at the top of the document. You can fax your completed form to 919-644-3091 or email the Tax Administration. Once we receive your form, you account will be placed on hold until DSS accepts or denies your request for assistance based on qualification. You will be notified once a decision is made.

21. What if I did not call the ambulance, but was transported. Am I responsible for the bill?

All Orange County EMS bills are considered the responsibility of the patient because the service was provided for the patient. The patient may reach out to the party that contacted the ambulance service to discuss options, but the patient remains primarily accountable for the bill.

22. Does Medicare pay for ambulance transportation?

Yes. When a patient's condition is such that the use of another method of transportation is medically inadvisable. Transportation must be deemed reasonable and medically necessary.

23. What if I was not transported?

If Orange County EMS was dispatched and offered a billable service such as a 12 lead EKG or administered medication, you may receive a bill for treatment non-transport. The fee for treatment non-transport is $150. For treatment non-transport level 2, the fee is $225.

24. Does Medicare pay for non-transports?

No. Non-transports are not a covered service with Medicare and many other insurance plans. As a courtesy, we will file non-transports to your insurance for consideration. Any balance remaining after insurance has processed our claim will become the responsibility of the patient.

25. What information is required by Orange County EMS before Medicare can be filed?

Orange County EMS must have the patient's authorization on file or the patient's authorized representative consent on record in order to file to Medicare.

26. Does Medicare pay this service in full?

No. Medicare will only pay 80% of the approved amount. The patient or their supplemental insurance will be responsible for the balance or co-insurance amount.

27. What if Medicare denies my claim? What options do I have?

Everyone has the option to appeal the claim within six months from the denial date. There are two ways to appeal either a Medical Necessity form completed by the doctor and / or a written letter form the patient.These are to be submitted to:
Medicare's Appeal Department.

Related Documents

• Medicare Level 1 Appeal Form (PDF)
  
• Medicare Links for Appeal Guidance
  
  

28. Does Orange County EMS file supplemental insurance?

Yes. When you provide Orange County EMS with your primary insurance information, please notify us that you also have supplemental insurance as well. We will need your supplemental policy information such as policy number, group number and the mailing address.

29. Can Orange County use legal measures to collect my Ambulance Fee?

Legal process can be pursued 120 days after transport if no insurance payment is pending and/or there has been no response made by you to the bills that we have sent out.

30. What is the garnishment process?

After 150 days of inactivity, the account becomes subject to garnishment.

31. How can I stop the garnishment process once it has begun?

The account must be paid in full to stop the process.

32. What happens if there is an overpayment on my account?

We will promptly process the necessary paperwork for a refund.

33. How long does a refund take to receive?

Anywhere from 2 to 3 weeks.

34. What if I do not have insurance?

We are happy to work with you by setting up a payment arrangement.

35. What if my bill is related to a traffic accident?

It is the patient's responsibility to provide liability information. Attorneys can request records and bills by faxing a consent of release documentation to 919-644-3091.

36. What methods of payment do you accept?

We accept cash, money orders, Master Card, Visa, American Express, or Discover.

37. What is your physical location?

To pay in person or speak to a representative about your bill, our physical location is:
Gateway Building
228 S Churton Street
Hillsborough, NC 27278

38. What if I move? Am I responsible if I do not receive a bill?

Yes. You are still responsible for your bill. It is your responsibility to notify us with your updated address.

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Tax Administration - Assessment

Show All Answers

1. What if my house is still under construction?

Ongoing construction, whether it is new construction or repair work, must be listed on your property listing abstract that is mailed out late December each year. The area for noting the construction is on the back of the form. It asks "Is there new construction here?" and then asks "Percent Complete January 1st.." If there is construction, answer "yes" and fill in your estimate of the % of the entire dwelling that is complete.

2. Why do we have revaluation?

Revaluation is mandated by the North Carolina General Statutes governing property tax assessments; and it is necessary in order to maintain equitable and uniform property values among property owners throughout the county.

3. How are revaluation values determined?

The Tax Assessor's Office has an in-house appraisal team. The staff conducts field inspections, develops and analyzes sales files, and monitors market trends. The Tax Assessor works to ensure that property values have been accurately and equitably appraised throughout the county.

4. How do I request a review of my revaluation estimate?

The Assessor and his staff are available to answer questions or discuss concerns about your value. Assessment appeal forms have been developed to assist residents in the revaluation appeals. Please visit the appeals page for more information.

5. How do I qualify for an exemption for the elderly and disabled?

A preliminary list of requirements for relief programs including the Homestead Exemption and Circuit Breaker is available online.

6. What is the "Use Program," and how do I qualify?

The Land Use Program allows for reduced tax values of individually owned property involved in agricultural, horticultural, or forestry management. Basic eligibility requirements for available on the Relief Programs page.

7. What if I own a licensed (tagged) motor vehicle?

Licensed Motor Vehicles and Trailers are listed automatically when you register or renew your motor vehicle or trailer registration through the North Carolina Department of Motor Vehicles. A licensed trailer includes any trailer that requires a registration, such as boat trailers, utility trailers, or camping trailers. Taxpayers receive a separate tax bill for each licensed motor vehicle or trailer approximately 3 months after it is registered.

8. What if I own an unlicensed (untagged) motor vehicle or single wide mobile home?

Personal property like single wide mobile homes, campers, boats, and trailers, for example, are valued according to size and year. Motor vehicles are valued by year, make and model, in accordance with the "North Carolina Vehicle Valuation Manual."

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Tax Administration - Land Records / GIS

Show All Answers

1. Where can I find information on properties?

Start your search at the Land Records Property Search page. You can use the property tax ID, subdivision, address or owner's name to obtain the information. Or use the interactive map. On the top left of the search page is a URL that takes you to the map. Search tools are located on the left and the map layers on the right. The default tool is zoom-in. On the map go to the area where the property is located and click down on the left mouse button, holding the button down. Move your cursor up and to the right of the area forming a box. Release the mouse button and it will zoom in. The closer you go the more map layers are turned on. 

On the layers you will see that a black dot has appeared next to the Parcel layer. When you see the property you are interested in click on the identity tool (the middle right tool that is a black dot with the letter "i." Then click on the property and the information will pop up in a new window. The property on the map should turn yellow indicating it has been selected. If you want more information click on the Summary menu choice on the orange banner above the map. View and accept disclaimer information to go to the search page.

2. Where can I find a property by its address?

The best place to start your search is the Address Search page. On the Address search menu choose Find Addresses by Street Name and choose the street name from list. A list of addresses from that street will display for your choosing. 

3. How can I get a map of my property?

There are several ways to get a map of your property. Come to the Land Records office in Hillsborough and a staff members will assist you in printing a map. A recorded plat of your property can be obtained at the Register Of Deeds office. You can also print one from the Internet. View and accept disclaimer information to go to the search page.

4. How do I find / determine who controls zoning for a particular property / parcel / lot?

Contact the Planning Department for zoning information.

5. How can I get GIS map coverages (layers)?

We are able to put shape files and cove rages on CDs or DVD's. You can call us at 919-245-2504 to get pricing and media format options.

6. How can I get a map of the County

We have a standard county-wide map which has streets and parcels. The size is 36 inches wide by 50 inches in height and the cost is $25. Other maps are available at different sizes and cost. You can print a page-size map from our website of the area or property you are interested in.

7. How can I get a new address for my property? Who do I contact if my address is not showing in the Address search list?

Addresses are obtained by contacting the addressing authority for each address jurisdictions. In the County jurisdiction your new address is assigned when you apply for a building permit or when your road name changes. You can call the following numbers to request information on obtaining a new address.

• Carrboro: 919-918-7328
• Chapel Hill: 919-969-5068
• Hillsborough: 919-296-9470
• Mebane: 336-570-4085
• Orange County: 919-245-2100, option 4 then option 2

8. How can I find information on properties?

Start your search with Land Records / GIS. You can choose from the list of interactive links to find information. You can use the property tax ID, subdivision, address or owner’s name to obtain the information. Or use the interactive map. On the top left of the search page is a URL that takes you to the map. Search tools are located on the left and the map layers on the right. The default tool is zoom-in. On the map go to the area where the property is located and click down on the left mouse button, holding the button down. Move your cursor up and to the right of the area forming a box. Release the mouse button and it will zoom in. 

The closer you go the more map layers are turned on. On the layers you will see that a black dot has appeared next to the Parcel layer. When you see the property that you are interested in, click on the identity tool (the middle right tool that is a black dot with the letter i). Then select the property and the information will pop up in a new window. The property on the map should turn yellow indicating it has been selected. If you want more information click on the Summary menu choice on the orange banner above the map. View and accept disclaimer information to go to the search page.

9. Where can I find a property by its address?

The best place to start your search is the Address Search page. On the Address search menu choose Find Addresses by Street Name and choose the street name from list. A list of addresses from that street will display for your choosing.

10. How can I get a map of my property?

There are several ways to get a map of your property. Come to the Land Records office in Hillsborough and a staff members will assist you in printing a map. A recorded plat of your property can be obtained at the Register Of Deeds office. You can also print one from the Internet. View and accept disclaimer information to go to the search page.

11. How do I find / determine who controls zoning for a particular property / parcel / lot?

Contact the Planning and Inspections for zoning information.

12. How can I get GIS map coverages (layers)?

We are able to put shapefiles and coverages on cds or DVDs. You can call us at 919-245-2504 to get pricing and media format options.

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Tax Administration - Revaluation

Show All Answers

1. How will the pandemic affect the tax value of my home for 2021?

Revaluation staff is continuing to track sales and leasing data in order to account for any effects the pandemic may have on property values. Individual tax values will reflect market conditions, including those resulting from the pandemic, that exist on January 1, 2021. Currently the data shows that overall, homes are continuing to sell at the same rate and sales prices are steady and rising. This information indicates that the pandemic has not negatively impacted home values. Information on sales in your area can be reviewed at our COMPER website.

2. How will my 2021 tax bill be affected by the Revaluation, and specifically during the pandemic?

The tax rate is selected by the County Commissioners based on the budgetary needs for the coming year. When the tax rate is applied to the new individual tax values it produces individual tax amounts that when combined provide the needed revenue to fund the County’s budget. As in any revaluation year, individual property values may be higher or lower, and the owners may receive higher or lower tax bills than they received the previous year. In a revaluation year the rate is carefully considered in order to minimize the impact that the updated values may have on an individual’s tax bill, and that is especially so for 2021 due to the pandemic.

3. What is a Revaluation?

Revaluation is a process by which all property tax assessments within a taxing jurisdiction (Orange County) are reassessed to their market value as of a specific revaluation date. It also is sometimes called a reappraisal or mass appraisal. The tax office, in this process, reassesses all real property (land, buildings and other improvements to the land) as of the revaluation date. 

Arms-length market sales are used to estimate new tax assessments during this process as well as other market data such as income/expense information and market building cost information. This updated tax assessment is effective, generally, until the next countywide revaluation. Orange County’s next planned revaluation date is January 01, 2021, and tax assessments should reflect market value as of that date once the revaluation is completed.

4. Why have a revaluation?

The State of North Carolina requires counties to conduct a revaluation at least once every eight years (NCGS 105 - 286a). Its purpose is to redistribute the tax burden based on current market data. As time elapses between revaluations, properties may increase or decrease in market value at different rates. The State of North Carolina charges counties with assessing property based on current market data as of each revaluation date.

5. Will all property values change during a revaluation?

Most likely, yes. However, not all property values will change at the same percentage. Market values may have increased or decreased more for some neighborhoods and property types than for others. One purpose of a revaluation is to ensure assessed values reflect changes that have occurred in the marketplace since the last countywide revaluation.

6. Why appraise at market value?

North Carolina General Statute 105 - 283 requires counties to assess all property, both real and personal property, at its true value in money. True value shall be interpreted as meaning market value. NCGS 105 - 284 establishes a uniform assessment standard. This standard in effect penalizes counties if they are not assessing property at market value as of the date of last revaluation.

7. When does the revaluation take effect?

Typical countywide revaluations take between 18 - 24 months to complete. Staff of the Orange County Tax Office has been reviewing market sales, compiling studies and maintaining a list of current tax base inventory during this revaluation effective, January 01, 2021. Tax office appraisers have begun reviewing property data for the 2021 revaluation. The resulting values will be effective January 01, 2021. Real property tax bills mailed in July, 2021 will reflect the new revaluation tax assessment.

8. Who will do the work of reviewing properties for the revaluation?

The Orange County Tax Office is conducting this revaluation primarily “in-house.” This means our own personnel in the tax office will be evaluating properties along with current market data and establishing new tax assessments. Orange County will be working with specialized appraisal consultants to obtain additional data otherwise unavailable to staff.

9. When can I find out my new tax assessment?

New value notices should be mailed to all taxpayers who own real property in Orange County March, 2021.

10. Will my taxes change as a result of revaluation?

Although the value of your property does affect your share of taxes, the actual amount you pay is determined by budgetary needs of the jurisdictions in which your property is located (county, city, fire districts, etc.). Governing boards of these taxing units decide what services the jurisdiction will provide in the coming year and how much money the jurisdiction will need to provide these services. A tax rate is then adopted to generate the necessary tax dollars.

11. How are market values determined?

Various tools are used to extract data from the market. Examples include: 

• Cost books
• Multiple listing service
• Ratio studies
• Revenue stamps
• Sales files
• Sales questionnaires

The best source for establishing residential market values is arms-length sales of reasonably comparable properties. Such properties are similar in location, age, style, condition and other features that may have an effect on market value.

12. What if I disagree with my new tax assessment?

Instructions for appeal will be included with your new value notice. The first appeal level is an informal hearing with an Orange County Tax Office appraiser. Orange County will make personnel available to hold informal hearings with the property owner. During this informal session, the property record card is reviewed and you may request an actual site visit to your property. North Carolina General Statutes put the burden of proof on the property owner to show that a tax assessment is inaccurate. 

Keep in mind that the informal review will be to ensure your property is assessed at 100% of its fair market value as of the revaluation date, January 01, 2021. Therefore, an informal appeal could result in an increase, decrease or no change in assessment. A change in assessment will be considered only if the owner can demonstrate that the assessed value is more or less than market value as of January 01, 2021, or that it is inconsistent with assessments of similar properties. Assessments cannot be appealed based on

• The % of increase / decrease or
• The taxpayer’s ability to pay the tax

The tax office will send results of informal appeals via mail. The second level of appeal is to the Orange County Board of Equalization and Review. North Carolina then has a State Property Tax Commission that hears advanced appeals.

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Tax Administration - Tax Auctions

Show All Answers

1. Does Orange County sell Tax Lien Certificates?

Orange County does not sell Tax Lien Certificates. At one time this was the practice, but it has not been in effect since the 1980s.

2. Is there a list of pending foreclosures for interested buyers?

Yes. There is a list available on our website. However, we do not mail out notices of sale.

3. Can you pay someone's delinquent taxes and become the owner of the property?

No. Paying someone elses taxes will not entitle you to any legal ownership of the property.

4. How often do you have foreclosures?

The Tax Office schedules foreclosures throughout the year except during December and January. The Chapel Hill Townships are advertised for two weeks prior to the sale in the Chapel Hill Herald. The other townships are advertised in the News of Orange for two weeks prior to the sale. The Notices of Sale are also posted on the Courthouse bulletin board for 20 days prior to the sale.

5. What is the procedure during the foreclosure?

The property is offered for sale by the Sheriff's Department at 12 Noon on the front steps of the County Courthouse on Margaret Lane in Hillsborough. The bidding starts at the judgment amount, plus interest, costs and sheriff's commission. The highest bidder at public sale shall be required to pay in full (not make a deposit) the amount of the successful bid at the conclusion of the execution sale (subject to the confirmation of the sale as by law provided). After the auction a Report of Sale is filed and there is a 10-day waiting period in which an upset bid can be filed.

6. Does a property have to be delinquent for multiple years to be subject to foreclosure?

No. After the tax lien advertisement in March of each year any advertised property is subject to foreclosure.

7. What type of deed will I receive if I am the purchaser at a tax foreclosure sale?

You will receive a non-warranted Sheriff's Deed. There are no warranties of title. Property is sold as is.

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Tax Administration - Taxes

Show All Answers

1. I can not pay my taxes on time. What happens now? What options do I have?

If you are not able to pay your tax bill on time, and it becomes delinquent, interest is added to the past due balance. A bill due on September 1st becomes delinquent and 2% interest is added to the bill the following January 6th. If the bill continues to remain unpaid, then each 1st of the month after that another 0.75% interest is added to the past due balance until the bill is paid. There are some options to help you. The Tax Office offers payment plans to help taxpayers.

2. Why did I get a tax bill for my real property if I have an escrow account with my mortgage company?

We send the bill to the owner of the property, not the loan institution. We will gladly provide your loan institution with your billing information at its request, but we strongly suggest that you send them a copy of your bill.

3. What is the Solid Waste Programs Fee (SWPF) that I see on my real property tax bill?

The Solid Waste Programs Fee (SWPF), collected for the Orange County Solid Waste Department, is an annual fee that funds recycling, waste management, and waste reduction services offered by Orange County. It is not a lien on the real property. The Orange County Board of Commissioners has created an assistance fund to help citizens in financial hardship with paying the Solid Waste Programs Fee. An appeals process is available to anyone who feels that the fee was inaccurately assessed. Appeals will be reviewed by Solid Waste Management staff.

4. What is the Chapel Hill Stormwater Management fee on my real property tax bill?

This fee is collected for the Town of Chapel Hill. The Town is responsible for managing storm water and related water resources issues within its jurisdiction, and the fee funds that management program. The fee is determined by the Town of Chapel Hill. It is not a lien on the real property. For questions regarding this fee, contact the Town of Chapel Hill.
   
This fee is collected for the Town of Chapel Hill. The Town is responsible for managing storm water and related water resources issues within its jurisdiction, and the fee funds that management program. The fee is determined by the Town of Chapel Hill. It is not a lien on the real property. For questions regarding this fee, contact the Town of Chapel Hill.

5. What is the Hillsborough Stormwater Management Fee on my property tax bill?

This fee is collected for the Town of Hillsborough. The Town of Hillsborough created a storm water utility and fee to comply with expanding state and federal storm water regulations to reduce storm water runoff pollution from reaching the Eno River. The fee is determined by the Town of Hillsborough. It is not a lien on the real property. For questions regarding this fee, contact the Town of Hillsborough.

6. When will my mortgage company pay my tax bill?

Loan institutions (or their tax-servicing agent) usually remit payment between November 15 and December 31. You are encouraged to verify your payment data with your loan institution.

7. When are my real and personal property taxes due?

Taxes are due each year for real estate, business personal property and individually owned personal property on September 1st. Payment without interest can be made on or before January 5th of the following year. Mail payments are processed based on the postmark as affixed by the U.S. Postal Service. 

8. I sold my house a few months ago. Why did I get the bill instead of the new owner?

If the real property has been sold, please forward the tax notice to the new owner. When property is sold prior to the creation of the tax bill, it is the general practice of North Carolina attorneys to make adjustments for the payment of taxes on the closing statement. Payment is not made to the tax office at that time. After the creation of the tax bills, taxes are normally paid at the closing. Check your closing statement or contact the closing attorney if you have questions about who is responsible for payment of the bill.

9. I have paid my tax bill and I have received a past due notice in the mail. Why did this happen?

There are several possibilities. We may not have received your payment from the Post Office, or your payment may have crossed in the mail with the delinquent notice. To verify the status of your account you may check online.

10. I have filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 13. Do I still have to pay the new tax bill I received?

When a taxpayer files Chapter 13 Bankruptcy and lists the tax office as a creditor, the bankruptcy court sends a notice to the tax office. The tax office files a claim for any outstanding bills as of the date of the filing, including any outstanding Emergency Management bills. The bankruptcy court should pay the claim in full if the plan is completed and the taxpayer receives a discharge. Any taxes or EMS bills that become due after the filing of the plan are post petition debt and must be paid by the taxpayer.

11. I have received notice from my bank that the check I wrote to the tax office was returned for non-sufficient funds. What happens now?

A $25 fee will be charged for any check returned due to insufficient funds, plus any additional interest and penalty, plus any criminal penalties provided by law (NCGS 105-357(b)(2)). Tax receipts are null and void if payment is made with a check that fails to clear the bank. Payment for a returned check should be made by cash, money order or certified funds. Legal process to collect funds includes issuance of a warrant for criminal offense.

12. What do I have to do if I want to move my mobile home?

It is illegal to move a mobile home without a mobile home moving permit. There are three requirements to be eligible for a permit: mobile home is listed for taxation for the current year, the current year’s taxes are paid in full, and back taxes are paid in full. Mobile Home Moving Permits are issued in the Hillsborough office only.

13. When will I get my income tax refund?

Orange County Tax Office is unable to assist you with your state or federal income tax questions or forms. You may contact the North Carolina Department of Revenue at 877-252-3052, or 877-252-4052 for refund information. Contact the IRS for Federal Tax Information at 800-829-1040.

14. Are the city and county property taxes I pay deductible on my state or federal income tax return?

If you have questions about deducting County taxes on your state or federal income tax returns, please contact your tax advisor.

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Tax Administration- GAP Property Tax

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1. What is Gap Property Tax Notice?

Gap billing is a property tax bill that covers the months between the expiration of a vehicle’s registration and the renewal of that registration or the issuance of a new registration. The vehicle is unregistered during the gap in registration.

2. Why am I receiving this Gap Property Tax Bill?

The registration for the vehicle listed on this notice previously expired. The vehicle registration was recently renewed or a new registration was issued. During the lapse in registration, the vehicle was considered unregistered. Orange County is required to collect property taxes for vehicles with an unregistered status.

3. How does the Gap Property Tax differ from the property taxes that I paid when I renewed my vehicle?

Property taxes paid to the North Carolina Department of Motor Vehicles at the time of renewal or issuance are for the same 12-month period as your registration. The taxes billed on this notice are only for the months that your vehicle was not registered.

4. How is the value of the Gap Tax determined?

Per NCGS 105-330.3(2) vehicle value is determined as of January 1 of the year in which the taxes are computed.

5. Can I appeal the Gap Property Tax bill?

Yes you can, per NCGS 105-317.1(c) appeals of value, situs and taxability must be filed with the tax office within 30 days of the billing due date on the notice.

6. When is the Gap Property Taxes due?

Taxes are due by the September 1 that follows the gap property tax notice date.

7. When does the interest start to accrue on the Gap Property Tax?

Per NCGS 105-330.3(2) interest accrues for taxes paid on or after January 6 at 2% for the month of January and accrues at 3/4 of 1% for each following month.

8. What if I do not pay my Gap Property Tax bill?

Delinquent taxes are subject to collection actions immediately upon becoming delinquent. Taxes are delinquent on the interest begin date shown below. Collection actions may include bank attachment, wage garnishment, and levy on personal property, debt set-off, and attachment of escheats.

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Tax Administration-Business Personal Property Listings

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1. What is Business Personal Property?

Business personal property includes but is not limited to machinery, computer/office equipment, furniture equipment, and farm equipment.

2. How do I get a Business Listing Form?

Complete and submit the pre-printed form that was mailed to all businesses that listed property for 2023.

• You can obtain a fillable form here:  https://www.ncdor.gov/2023-business-personal-property-listing-form-0

3. How do I submit my Business Listing Form?

All Forms must be submitted by Jan. 31.

• Electronic: Upload scanned business listing form to Tax Office
• Mail: Orange County Tax Office
  Attention: Business Listing
  P.O. Box 8181
  Hillsborough, NC 27278-8181
• Fax: 919-644-3091,Attn: Business Listing
• In person: Orange County Tax Office, 228 South Churton Street, Suite 200, Hillsborough.

4. Can I request a Listing Extention?

To obtain a listing extension, the request must be in writing and received in the Tax Office by January 31*.  Click Here for More Information.

Once your extension request is granted, you will have until April 17, 2023, * to submit your listing form.

For assistance, contact the Tax Office at 919-245-2100, option 2 and ask for Business Listing.

*NOTE: For the current year, 2023, the deadline to submit a listing form or a request for an extension is January 31, 2023.
**NOTE: For the current year, 2023, the deadline to submit your listing form if an extension has been granted is April 17, 2023.

Submission Options

• Mail to: Orange County Tax Office, Attn: Business Listing Extention, PO Box 8181, Hillsborough, NC 27278
• Fax: (919) 644-3091 Attn: Business Listing Extention
• In Person: Orange County Tax Office, 228 South Churton St. Suite 200, Hillsborough, NC 27278.
• Electronically: Not applicable.

5. What if I want to open a Business in Orange County?

The Department of Economic Development in Orange County provides a variety of services for opening a new business. In addition, depending on the type of business you are opening, you may be required to obtain a business license from Orange County.

6. What should I do if I am selling and or closing my business in Orange County?

Under NCGS 105-366, When purchasing a business asset, it is the responsibility of that purchaser to ensure that all back taxes on the property have been paid or that money has been held in escrow until such time that it has been paid in full.

• If a business is closing after Jan. 1, the total amount of the taxes remain the responsibility of the business owner. Taxes are required to be paid to the Tax Office at the time the business is closed. There is no proration of the taxes allowed by statute.

  
  

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Voluntary Agricultural Districts

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1. How can farms benefit from becoming a Voluntary Agricultural District?

Recognition - the County will place signs along public roads at the property line of participating farms that identify your farm as an Orange County Voluntary Agricultural District. These signs will tell passersby that the farm owner is committed to the preservation of the agricultural way of life in Orange County. Learn more about all the benefits on our Voluntary Agricultural District Benefits page.

2. How can a farm become a Voluntary Agricultural District?

To become an Agricultural District, a farm must first be certified as Qualifying Farmland. Learn about this process on our Qualifying Farmland Certification page.

3. What is the Agricultural Preservation Board?

The Agricultural Preservation Board (APB) is composed of a number of County residents, including farmers representing Agricultural Districts. APB members are appointed by the Board of County Commissioners. The APB reviews and approves applications to the Agricultural Districts program. They also make recommendations to the Board of County Commissioners on other issues related to the preservation of farmland in Orange County.

4. How did the Voluntary Agricultural District Program Begin?

The State of North Carolina passed the Farmland Preservation Enabling Act in 1985, authorizing counties to establish farmland preservation programs, including agricultural districts. In 1992, Orange County adopted a Voluntary Farmland Preservation Program Ordinance, creating the Agricultural Preservation Board (APB) and procedures for establishing Voluntary Agricultural Districts.